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Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016
https://archive.org/detaiis/annaismagazineof1919unse
THE ANNALS
AND
MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY,
INCLUDING
ZOOLOGY, BOTANY, and GEOLOGY.
(being a continuation op the ‘annals’ combined with LOUDON AND
CHARLESWORTII’S ‘ MAGAZINE OP NATURAL HISTORY.’)
CONDUCTED BY
ALBERT C. L. G. GUNTHER, M.A., M.D., Ph.D., F.R.S., WILLIAM CARRUTHERS, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S.,
AND
WILLIAM FRANCIS, F.L.S.
VOL. XIX.— SEVENTH SERIES.
LONDON:
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS.
SOLD BY SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT, AND CO., LD. ; BAILLIERE, PARIS: HODGES, FIGGIS, AND CO., DUBLIN :
AND ASHER, BERLIN.
1907.
r
“Omnes res creatso sunt divinaj sapientiaj et potentise testes, divitiaj felicitatis hurnanae: — ex harum usu honitas Creatoris; ex pulchritudino sapientia Domini ; ex oeconomia in conservatione, proportione, renovatione, potentia majestatis elucet. Eanim itaque indagatio ab hominibus sibi relictis semper acstimata ; h vero eruditis et sapientibus semper oxculta ; male doctis et barbaris semper inimica fuit.” — Linnaeus.
“ Quel que soit le principe de la vie animale, il ne faut qu’ouvrir les yeux pour voir qu’elle est le chef-d’eeuvre de la Toute-puissance, et le but auquel se rappor- tent toutes ses operations.” — Buuckner, ThSorie du 8ysteme Animal, Leyden, 1767.
The sylvan powers
Obey our summons ; from their deepest dells The Dryads come, and throw their garlands wild And odorous branches at our feet; the Nymphs That press with nimble step the mountain-thyme And purple heath-flower come not empty-handed.
But scatter round ten thousand forms minute
Of velvet moss or lichen, torn from rock
Or rifted oak or cavern deep : the Naiads too
Quit their loved native stream, from whose smooth face
They crop the lily, and each sedge and rush
That drinks the rippling tide : the frozen poles.
Where peril waits the bold adventurer’s tread.
The burning sands of Borneo and Cayenne,
All, all to us unlock their secret stores And pay their cheerful tribute.
J. Taylor, Norwich, 1818,
aces ubrary
CONTENTS OF VOL. XIX.
[SEVENTH SERIES,]
NUMBER CIX.
Page
I. Descriptions of new Pyralidce of the Subfamilies Hydrocampince and Scopariancs. By Sir George E. Hampson, Bart., B.A., ’F.Z.S., &c
1
II. On some new Species of Blattidce in the Oxford and Paris Museums. By R. Shelford, M.A., E.L.S 25
III. New Eastern, Australian, and African Heterocera. By
Colonel C. Swinhoe, M.A., F.L.S., &c 49
IV. Descriptions of Six new Species of Coleoptera from New
Zealand. By Major T. Broun, F.E.S 66
V. Descriptions of Three new Fishes from Yunnan, collected by
Mr. J. Graham. By C. Tate Regan, B.A 63
VI. Diagnoses of new Central- American Freshwater Fishes of the Families CyprmodontidcB and Mugilidcs. By C. Tate Regan,
B.A 64
VII. A Contribution towards a Knowledge of the Entozoa of
British Marine Fishes.— Part I. By William Nicoll, M.A., B.Sc., Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews. (Plates I.-IV.) . . 66
VIII. Descriptions of Fifteen Terrestrial Mollusca from South Africa. By James Cosmo Melvill, M.A., F.L.S., and John
Henry PoNSONBY, F.Z.S. (Plate VI.) 94
IX. On Three Mollusk-infesting Trematodes. By Marie V. IjEBOUR, B.Sc., Armstrong College, Newcastle-upon-Tyne. (Plates Vlt. & VHI.) 102
0
103468
IV
CONTENTS.
Page
X. Preliniinary Diagnoses of Six new Mysidoi from tlie West Coast of Ireland. Dy W. M. Tattersall, H.Sc., Department of Agriculture and Technical Instruction, Fisheries Branch, Dublin . . 106
XI. On further new Mammals obtained by the Ruwenzori Expe- dition. By Oldfield Thomas 118
XII. Note on Ochotona {Conothoa) aurita, Blanf., from Ladak.
By J. Lewis Boniiote, M.A 124
XIII. On Two new Parasitic Coleoptera (Fam. Staphylinidce)
from South America. By Gilbert J. Arrow, F.E.S 125
New Books : — Catalogue of the Indian Decapod Crustacea in the Collection of the Indian Museum. Part III. Macrura. Fasciculus 1. The Prawns of the Peneus Group. By A. Alcock, M.B., LL.D., C.I.E., F.R.S. — A Treatise on Zoology. Edited by E. Ray Lankester, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S. Part V. Mollusca. By Paul Pelseneer, D.Sc 127
Note of Correction : Parorchis, n. nom., for Zeugorchis, Nicoll, 1906, by Win. Nicoll, M.A., I3.Sc., Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews 128
4
NUMBER CX.
XIV. On the Bats of the Family Meg ader mat idee. By Knud
Andersen and R. C. Wroughton 129
XV. Note on the Crab Hymenosoma depressum, Jacquinot and
Lucas. By Charles Chilton, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S., Professor of Biology, Canterbury College, New Zealand. (Plate V.) 146
XVI. Descriptions of new Species of Trochomorpha, Cochlostyla,
Ampliidromus, Bulimulus, Brymeeus, Placostylus, Stenogyra, Lepto- poma, Cyelophornis, Cyclotus, and Alycceus. By Hugh C. Fulton. (Plates IX. & X.) 149
XVII. Notes on Papuina and Pupina. By Hugh C. Fulton . . 158
XVIII. Description of a new Cyprinoid Fish, Acheilognathus signifer, from Korea, with a Synopsis of all the known Rhodeince.
By L. S. Berg (St. Petersburg) 159
XIX. Description of a new Cyprinoid Fish, Paraleucogohio nota-
canthus, from N. China. By L. S. Berg (St. Petersburg) 163
XX. Description of a new Species of Eulota from Formosa. By
G. K. Gude, F.Z.S 164
XXI. On some undescribed Phytophagous and Parasitic Hynieno- ptera from the Oriental Zoological Region. By P. Cameron .... 166
CONTENTS.
V
Page
XXII, On tho Black-and-tan Pattern of Domestic Dogs {Cams familiaris). By li. I. Pococx, P.L.S., F.Z.S., Superintendent of the Zoological Society’s Gardens 192
XXIII. Seminiila'. a Note by Arthur Vaughan, B.A., D.Sc., F.G.S ■ 194
Neio Book: — Illustrations of British Blood-sucking Flies, with
Notes by Ernest Edward Austen 199
Proceedings of the Geological Society 200
NUMBER CXI.
XXIV. New Species of Eastern Heterocera. By Colonel C.
SwiNHOE, M.A., F.L.S., &c 201
XXV. Notes on Scorpions, with Descriptions of Two new Species.
By A. S. Hirst 208
XXVI. Descriptions of Three new Lizards and a new Frog, dis-
covered by Dr. W. J. Ansorge in Angola. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S 212
XXVII. Diagnoses of new Species of Corhula and Bithinella from Lower Bengal. By H. B. Preston, F.Z.S 215
XXVIII. Descriptions of Nine new Species of Land-Shells from New Caledonia. By II. B. Preston, F.Z.S 217
XXIX. Descriptions of new Genera and Species of Sijntomid<B,
Arctiadce, A qaristidce. and Noctuidce. By Sir George F. Hampson, Bart., F.Z.S. 221
XXX. Descriptions of Six new Freshwater Fishes from Mexico
and Central America. By C. Tate Regan, B.A 258
XXXI. Descriptions of Two newCharacinid Fishes from Argentina.
By C. Tate Regan, B.A 261
XXXII. On some new Species of Chrysochloris. By R. Broom, M.D., D Sc., C.M.Z.S 262
XXXIII. New Species of Sphegidce from Australia. By R. E. Turner 268
NUMBER CXII.
XXXIV. Rhynchotal Notes. — XLI. By W. L. Distant 277
XXXV. On a Freshwater Decapod Crustacean collected by W. J. Burchell at Para in 1829. By W. T. Calman, D.Sc., British Museum (Natural History) 295
VI
CONTENTS.
Pag®
XXX VI. Descriptions of new Species of Ileterocera belonging to the Families SyntomidcB, Hypsid(X, CyllopodidcBf Dioptidce, and Erateininm. By Herbert Druce, F.L.S. &c 299
XXXVII. On new Species of Histeridce and Notices of others.
By G. Lewis, F.L.S 311
XXXVlll. On a new Species of Karschia from Tibet. By A. S. Hirst 322
XXXIX. Descriptions of Three new Snahes discovered by Mr. G.
L. Bates in South Cameroon. By G. A. Boui.enger, F.ll.S 324
XL. The Synonymy and Generic Position of certain Species of Miiscidce {sens, lat.) in the Collection of the British Museum, described by the late Francis Walker. By Ernest E. Austen . . 326
XLI. Some new Species and Genera of Lamellicorn Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. By Gilbert J. Arrow 347
Neio Book : — Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British
Museum. Vol. VI. (Catalogue of Noctuidse, Vol. HI.) 360
NUMBER CXIH.
XLII. Descriptions and Records of Bees. — XIII. By T. D. A. Cockerell, University of Colorado 361
XLHI. New Mammals from Lake Chad and the Congo, mostly from the Collections made during the Alexander-Gosling Expe-
Charles Chilton, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S., Professor of Biology, Canterbury College, New Zealand. (Plate XI.) 388
XLV. On Barbus aureus, Cope, from Natal. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S 390
XLVI. Description of a new Cyprinid Fish of the Genus Laheo from the Transvaal. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S 392
XLVII. Descriptions of Two new African Lizards of the Genus Latastia, By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S ib.
XLVIII. Description of a new Frog of the Genus Telmatohius from Brazil. By G. A. Boulenger, E.R.S 394
XLIX. Rhyuchotal Notes. — XLII. By W. L. Distant 395
L. Some new Species and Genera of Lamellicorn Coleoptera from the Indian Empire. By Gilbert J. Arrow. — Part II 416
LI. On a remarkable Mountain Viscacha from Southern Pata- nonia, with Diagnoses of other Members of the Group. By Oldfield Thomas 439
CONTENTS.
Vll
I’ago
IjII, On tlic Occurrence of the Edible Dormouse (Genus Glis) in Sardinia. By Oldfield Thomas 444
LIII. A new Genus and Species of Phlebotomic MuscidtE from Aden. By Ernest E. Austen 446
New Boohs: — Fishes of Japan, an Account principally on Economic Species. By Keinosuke Otaki, Tsunenobu Fujita, and Tadashi Higurashi. — The British Woodlice, being a Mono- graph of the Terrestrial Isopod Crustacea occurring in the British Islands. By Wilfred Mark Webb and Charles Sillem.
448, 450
Proceedings of the Geological Society 450, 451
Modern Helminthological Nomenclature, by Dr. von Linstow .... 451
NUMBER CXIV.
LIV. On the Classification of the Decapod Crustaceans. By L. A. Borradaile, M.A., Lecturer in Natural Sciences at Selwyn College, Cambridge 457
LV. Descriptions of new Lizards in the British Museum. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S 486
LVI. On the Variations of Stereolepis gigas, a great Sea-Perch from California and Japan. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S 489
LVn. On an African Barbel hitherto confounded with Barhus trimaculatus, Peters. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S 492
LVni. Spirochceta {Trypanosoma) Balhianii (Certes), its Move- ments, Structure, and Affinities ; and on the Occurrence of Spiro- chceta anodontoe (Keysselitz) in the British Mussel, Anodonta cygnea.
By H. B. Fantham, B.Sc., Derby Research Scholar, University College, London ; and St. Mary’s Hospital Medical School 493
LIX. On Pterocyon, Rousettus. and Myonyctei'is. By Knud Andersen 601
LX. Notes on the Quagga and Burchell’s Zebra in the Paris Museum. By R. I. Pocock, Superintendent of the Zoological Society’s Gardens London 616
LXI. New Mammals from Lake Chad and the Congo, mostly from the Collections made during the Alexander-Gosling Expe- dition. By Oldfield Thomas, F.R.S., and R. C. Wroughton . . 620
LXII. On Two Spiders of the Genus Selenocosmia. By A. S. Hirst 622
Vlll
CONTENTS.
Page
LXIII, Brachiopod Nomenclature : the Genotype of Terehratula.
Jiy S. S. Buckman, F.G.S. (Plate XII.) 525
LXIV. Descriptions and Records of Bees. — XIV. By T. D. A. OocKEiiELL, University of Colorado 531
New Books : — The Crawfishes of the State of Pennsylvania. By Dr. A. E. Ortmann. — A Natural History of the British Butterflies, their World-wide Variation and Geographical Distribution. A Textbook for Students and Collectors. By
J. W. Tutt, F.E.S. Vol. 1 540, 542
Index 543
PLATES IN VOL. XIX.
Entozoa of British marine fishes.
Ilymenosoma depressum.
Mollusca from South Africa.
Mollusk-infesting Trematodes.
New species of shells.
Phreatogammarus propinqiuis, sp. u. Terehratula terehratula (Limio).
THE ANNALS
AND
MAGAZINE OF NATGEAL HISTOEY.
[SEVENTH SERIES.]
“ per litora spargite museum,
Naiades, et circixm vitreos coi^idite fontes :
Pollice virgineo teneros hie calrpite flores :
Floribus et pictum, divse, replete canistrura.
At VOS, o Nymp^iae Orataridei, itebub IxLdasi,
Ite, recurvato variata corallia truneo Vellite museosis ^ rnpibug, dt m>lii eonehas Ferte, Deaj pelagi, et pingui eonehyiia sueeo.”
N.Parthenii Giannettasi,T^Q\. 1.
No. 109. JANUARY 1907.
I. — Descriptions of new Pyralidse of the Subfamilies Hydro- campinse and Scoparianse. By Sir George F. Hampson, Bart., B.A., F.Z.S., &c.
[Concluded from vol. xviii. p. 472.] '
Genus Pseudlithosia, nov.
Palpi upturned, short, not reaching vertex of head, smoothly scaled, the third joint moderate ; maxillary palpi minute, filiform ; frons rounded ; antennse simple in both sexes ; legs long and slender, the spurs short ; retinaculum of male a corneous bar. Fore wing very long and narrow ; vein 3 from angle of cell ; 4, 5 from angle ; 6 from well below upper angle ; 7 from angle ; 8, 9, 10 stalked from long before angle. Hind wing with veins 3 and 5 separate, 4 absent ; 6 from upper angle ; 7 from well before upper angle and anastomosing with 8.
(1.) Pseudtithosia Schausi, sp. n.
. Head and thorax black-brown ; abdomen fulvous- brown. Fore wing black-brown. Hind wing pale brown. Ann, (Sc Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 1
2
Sir G. F. IlaiYipson on new Pyralidse
? . Fore wing with diffused white scales forming traces of antcmedial, medial, and subterminal bands.
Hah. Mexico, Jalisco, Guadalajara [Schaus), 1 $ type. Exp., ^ 32, ? 40 mm. Type in Coll. Schaus.
(4.) Daulia argyrophoralis, sp. n.
Mid tibia of male without groove and tuft of hair ; fore wing with vein 10 from cell or stalked with 8, 9.
Head and thorax ochreous tinged with brown ; fore legs tinged with fuscous ; abdomen white slightly tinged with ochreous. Fore wing ochreous yellow irrorated with a few black scales, more thickly on disk ; a silvery fascia below base of cell, then obliquely bent downwards to middle of inner margin ; some silvery scales in middle and end of cell and beyond discocellulars, on which there is a slight fulvous lunule ; a silvery subtcrmihal slightly curved band defined on each side by fine black lines; a narrow silvery terminal band defined on inner side by a slight black line ; cilia yellow at base, silvery white at tips. Hind wing uniform ochreous white.
Hab. Argentina, Florenzia, Gran Chaco [S. R. Wagner), 2 c? ^ 1 $ type. Exp. 20 mm.
(4 a.) Luma flavimarginalis, sp. n.
Head and thorax orange-yellow ; palpi with the second joint black above ; abdomen fuscous, the extremity and ventral surface yellow. Fore wing fuscous brown with a purplish gloss ; the base orange-yellow ; an orange-yellow terminal baud expanding widely to costa, the outer edge of brown area being strongly curved. Hind wing fuscous brown with a slight purplish gloss ; an orange-yellow terminal band expanding slightly to costa.
Hab. Ceylon, Maskeliya {Green, de Mowbray), 1 1 $
type. Exp., S' 28, $ 36 mm.
(6 a.) Luma holoxantha, sp. n.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow. Fore wiDg uniform glossy yellow. Hind wing pale glossy yellow.
Hab. Mashon ALAND, Salisbury [Marshall), 1 ? type.
Exp. 30 mm.
(2.) Margarochroma fuscalis, sp. n.
Antennae annulate.
S . Black-brown ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of
3
of the Subfamily Ilydrocam pinse.
alxlomeii whitish ; wings mixed with greyish. Fore wing with a pale siibterminal line, oblique with an inward curve from costa to vein 5, then minutely dentate and indistinct to tornus. Hind wing with indistinct minutely dentate subterminal line.
Hab. Celebes, Bonthain, Mdrulaman, 2300' {Everett). Exp. 14 mm. Type in Coll. Rothschild.
(6 a.) Draccenura chrysochroa, sp. n.
S . Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow ; palpi white at base, black at tips ; lower part of frons blackish ; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen white ; mid tibise black at base. Fore wing orange-yellow, rather deepei orange towards termen, the costa tinged with fuscous ; a slight, dark, somewhat sinuous and oblique antemedial line ; a black point in middle of cell and slender discoidal bar ; a brown postmedial line, slightly bent outwards to costa, then erect ; cilia black at base, grey at tips. Hind wing orange- yellow, deeper orange towards termen; a slight obliquely curved brown line from below middle of costa to above tornus ; cilia black at base, white at tips.
Hab. S.W. New Guinea, Kapaur {Doherty) y 2 S type. E.xp. 22 mm.
(6 b.) Bradina costalis, sp. n.
$ . White ; palpi brown at tips ; neck brown ; shoulders with a brown stripe ; abdomen dorsally tinged with brown. Fore wing with dark brown moderately broad costal fascia ; both wings with diffused brown terminal band, narrowing to a point at submedian fold of hind wing ; the cilia white.
Hab. Solomons, Guadalcanar. Exp. 26 mm. Type in Coll. Rothschild.
(17 a.) Bradina glaucinalisy sp. n.
Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown, the last with white segmental rings ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish. Fore wing pale glossy gf’ey-brown, with traces of dark discoidal point and oblique postmedial line ; a fine dark terminal line ; cilia broAvnish white, with dark line at base. Hind wing uniform pale glossy grey-brown, with fine dark terminal line ; cilia brown at base, whitish at tips.
Hab. New Guinea, Kapaur {Doherty), 1 c?, 1 ? type; Solomons, Florida 1. {Meek), 1 ? . Exp. 22-30 mm.
) 1*
4
Sir G. F. Ilanipson on new Pyralldse
(18«.) Bradina dentalis, sp. n.
Pale silky brownish ochreous ; palpi and frons fuscous ; anal tuft vvliite. Fore wing with the costal area suffused with purplish fuscous ; an antemedial black line bent inwards to costa ; a point in middle of cell and discoidal lunule ; a minutely dentate postmcdial linc^ bent outwards below costa^ then oblique. Hind wing with oblique discoidal striga ; a minutely dentate curved postmedial line.
Hab. Sum BA [Doherty) ; Selaru [Micholitz), 1 ^ type. Exp. 22-24 mm.
(26 a.) Bradina pwniUalis, sp. n.
Ilead^ thorax, and abdomen grey tinged with brown and irrorated with black ; palpi and legs banded with black ; abdomen with dorsal black band before anal tuft. Fore wing grey tinged with brown and irrorated with black ; the costa blackish to beyond middle ; diffused black subbasal and antemedial lines, the latter expanding into a patch below cell ; a rather x -shaped black discoidal spot ; postmedial line black, diffused, rather maculate, excurved between veins 5 and 3, then retracted to below end of cell ; a terminal series of blackish striae. Hind wing grey suffused with fuscous brown.
Hab. SuMBAWA [Doherty), 1 ^ type ; Pura [Doherty), 1 $ . Exp. 10 mm.
(27 a.) Bradina punctilinealis , sp. n.
(^ . Very pale yellow; abdomen dorsally tinged with fuscous at middle. Fore wing with black point in middle of cell and slight oblique discoidal lunule ; a curved post- medial series of minute black streaks on the veins. Hind wing with oblique postmedial series of minute dark streaks on veins 6-2.
Hab. Fiji, Navua I. [de la Garde), 1 type. Exp. 22 mm.
\ ^(28 a.) Bradina neuralis, sp. n.
^ . Hel(id and thorax whitish tinged with brown ; palpi black at tips ; antennae ringed with brown; fore tibiae and tarsi banded with black ; abdomen white tinged with brown, the terminal half dorsally banded with fuscous. Fore wing white, the costal and apical areas suffused with cupreous brown, the veins streaked with brown ; a dark spot on costa
of the Subfamily Ilydrocampina). 5
near base ; an elongate spot in middle of cell, n itb diffused brown band from it to inner margin ; a dark discoidal spot ; a dark postmedial line excurved between veins 5 and 2. Hind wing white ; the veins stieaked with brown except at base; a discoidal point; a postmedial line excurved between veins 5 and 2 ; apical area suffused with brown, narrowing to a point at vein 2.
Ilab. Samoa, Pago I. [de la Garde), 1 S type. Exp. 22 mm.
(30 a.) Bradina hemiphcealis , sp. n.
S . Head and thorax fuscous black ; pectus and abdomen whitish suffused with fuscous brown. Fore wing deep fuscous brown with slight dark irroration ; faint traces of a darker discoidal spot and postmedial line excurved at middle ; cilia rather paler fuscous brown. Hind wing white slightly tinged with fuscous brown ; traces of a slightly diffused postmedial line, excurved at median nervules, then obsolete; a rather diffused fuscous terminal line from apex to vein 2 ; cilia white, with faint brown line near base towards apex ; the underside more strongly tinged with fuscous brown, the costal area fuscous, the terminal area suffused with fuscous.
Hah. Br. E. Africa, Kikuyu, Nairobi Plains [Crawskay) ,
1 S type. Exp. 30 mm.
(34.) Bradina purpurascens, sp. n.
$ . Deep purplish fuscous ; palpi below, pectus, and ventral surface of abdomen white. Fore wing with oblique antemedial black line, slightly angled on median nervure ; a point in cell and discoidal lunule ; the postmedial line slightly excurved below costa, oblique to vein 5, bent out-, wards between veins 5 and 2, retracted to below end of cell, and slightly excurved above inner margin, defined by white, on outer side between costa and vein 5 ; the apical area suffused with black. Hind wing with the postmedial line bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell and excurved above inner margin; cilia white at tips. Underside purplish grey.
Hah. Jamaica. Exp. 20 mm. Type in Coll. Rothschild.
(4.) Coptobasis lopkocera, sp. n.
Antennae of male without tuft and excision at base, the shaft w'ith large tuft of hair at three fourths from base ; fore
G
Sir G. F. Ilampson on new Pyrallcise
femora and mid tibiae with tufts of hair ; bind tibiae flat- tened, greatly eurved and shortened, the tibiae, spurs, and tarsi with immensely developed tufts of hair.
$ . Uniform very dark brown ; palpi at base below, pectus, legs, and ventral suii'ace of abdomen whitish ; fore tibiae with fuscous band.
Hab. S. Celebes {Doherty), 1 S type. Eorp. 36 mm.
(5.) Ccelorhjncidia jmrpurea, sp. n.
Hind tibiae of male with tufts of hair on inner side and a thickly scaled process on outer side at extremity.
Black suffused with brilliant purple; palpi and legs at base and underside of abdomen white. Fore wing with indistinct curved antemedial black line ; both wings with discoidal spot ; the postmedial line exeurved from costa to vein 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell. Hind wing with the cilia white. Underside with the discoidal spots and postmedial line defined by whitish.
Hab. Amboina {Dohey'ty), 1 ^ typ®- Exp. 24 mm.
(6.) Coelorhyncidia nitidalis, sp. n.
Head, thorax, and abdomen glossy grey slightly tinged with brown ; palpi blackish, white below ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white; fore tibia at extremity and terminal joints of tarsus black. Fore wing uniform glossy grey slightly tinged with browm. Hind wing rather paler glossy grey with a faint brown tinge; the underside pure white.
Hab, New Guinea, Kapaur {Doherty), 1 $ , Milne Bay {Meek)y 1 1 $ type. Exp., ^ 26, ? 30 mm.
(7.) Diathrausta cymialis, sp. n.
^ . Head and thorax cupreous brown ; palpi white below ; pectus and legs whitish ; abdomen cupreous brown with slight white segmental rings, the ventral surface white. Fore wing cupreous brown irrorated with fuscous ; some white scales below the cell near base ; antemedial line whitish defined on each side by black scales, exeurved ; the medial area somewhat whiter except costal area ; an obscure dark spot at upper angle of cell; postmedial line white defined on each side by black, oblique to vein 7, inw^ardly oblique to vein 2, retracted to upper angle of cell, incurved and out- wardly oblique to vein 1 and erect to inner margin ; a slight white mark on costa towards apex ; termen blackish, with some irregular white marks, the mark above vein 6 some-
7
of the Subfamily IIy(lrocampina3.
what dentate ; cilia cupreous at base, with black medial line and whitish tips. Hind wing cupreous l)ro wn suffused in parts with fuscous ; an indistinct blackish discoidal bar defined on each side by whitish ; a whitish line from lower angle oC cell to inner margin defined on each side by black; a curved white postmedial line defined on each side by blaek ; a white subterminal line defined on each side by black, ex- curved from costa to discal fold, where it is interrupted, then oblique, and ending on termen at vein 1 ; cilia cupreous at base, with black medial line and whitish tips.
Hab. Brazil, Castro Parana (Jones), 1 S fype. Exp. 16 mm.
(2.) Deuteropliysa micralis, sp. n.
Antenme of male annulate ; fore wing with the apex not produced and without fovea above vein 7.
Purplish grey; palpi fuscous, wdiite at base; legs whitish ; wings glossy, whth very fine striae. Fore wing with the first line almost medial, fine, brown, somewhat oblique from eosta to submedian fold, where it is slightly bent inwards; postmedial line brown, eurved ; cilia dark brown. Hind wing with slight discoidal striga ; a faint line from beyond lower angle of cell to inner margin ; an obliquely eurved line from costa beyond middle to termen at sub- median fold ; cilia reddish at base, followed by a black line and white tips ; the underside whitish.
Hab. Jamaica, Runaway Bay [Walsingham), 1 type. Exp. 12 mm.
Genus Lasiogyia, nov.
Palpi porrect, straight, the second joint about twice length of head and fringed with hair above, the third about length of head ; frons with pointed conical prominence ; antennae minutely ciliated ; fore femora and tibiae of male fringed with rough hair above, the first tarsal joint very long and the joints fringed with very long hair on both sides; abdo- men long, with slight lateral expansion towards extremity. Fore wing with vein 3 from close to angle of cell ; 4, 5 from angle ; 7 straight and well separated from 8, 9, 10. Hind wing with the cell short ; vein 3 from close to angle ; 4, 5 somewhat approximated for a short distance ; 6, 7 from upper angle, 7 anastomosing with 8.
(1.) Lasiogyia xanthozonata, sp. n.
S . Head and thorax orange-fulvous, with patches of pale yellow on head, tegulse, patagia, and metathorax ; fore legs
8
Sir G. F. Ilampson on new Pyralulse
■with the tufts brown ; abdomen orange, 'v\dth pale yellow dorsal band on first segment and segmental white lines on the others. Fore wing fuscous, bceoming fulvous at margins ; a yellow spot at base; a broad yellow medial band with waved edges, contracting somewhat below the cell. Hind wing fuscous, the inner area yellowish; a medial yellow band, with two small teeth on its outer edge beyond lower angle of cell ; cilia fulvous.
Hub. N. Guinea, Fergusson I. [Meek). Exp. 22 mm. Type in Coll, llothschild.
(3 o.) Stenia desertalis, sp. n.
$ . Ilead and thorax ochreous tinged with brown ; palpi rufous, wdiite below ; antennae ringed ~ brown and white ; abdomen white. Fore wing ochreous white irrorated with brown and faintly tinged with rufous towards costa ; a dark diffused antemedial line, oblique from costa to below cell and obsolescent towards costa; a slight dark discoidal lunnle; post- medial line rather diffused, obliquely excurved from costa to below angle of cell, then erect ; a slight dark terminal line ; cilia white, with faint dark lines at middle and tips. Hind wing white, wdth traces of postmedial line towards costa and slight terminal line ; the underside with slight dark spot at upper angle of cell and diffused postmedial line from costa to vein 5, then slight and excurved to vein 2.
Hub. Cape Colony, Zuurberg [Bair stow), 1 ? type.
Exp. 24j mm.
[7 a.) Stenia costalis, sp. n.
JjlepharomastLv colubralis, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am,, Het, ii. p. 2G8 (part.), iiec Guen.
Wliite ; palpi and vertex of head fuscous ; patagia with fuscous spots ; abdomen dorsally suffused wdth fuscous except towards base, leaving white segmental rings. Fore wing with the costal area fuscous brown; a dark antemedial line obsolescent towards inner margin ; a point in middle of cell and discoidal lunule ; the postmedial line bent outw^ards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell and sinuous to inner margin ; a terminal series of dark points. Hind wing with fuscous discoidal spot ; the postmedial line bent outwards between veins 5 and 4, then retracted to below end of cell and ending at tornus, obsolescent except towards costa; a terminal series of points.
Hab. Guatemala, Vera Paz 2 S type; Costa
Bica, Irazu [Rogers), 2 S > Goduian-Salvin Coil. ; Colombia, R. Dagua [Rosenberg) . Exp. 26 mm.
of the Subfamily Ilydrocamplnce.
(7 b.) Stenia semifascalis , sp. n.
"White ; liead, front of thorax, and abdomen dorsally fuscons except at base. Fore wing with the costal half fuscous, expanding on terminal area to tornus ; a dark antemedial line, obsolete towards inner margin ; a point in cell and discoidal lunule ; a line from vein 2 below end of cell to inner margin; a nearly straight line from costa beyond middle to tornus ; a fine pale line at base of cilia. Hind wing with discoidal point ; a fine postmedial line bent out- wards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell and obsolescent ; the apex tinged with fuscous.
Hab. Ecuador, Cachabe [Rosenberg) , 1 1 ? ; Paramba
[Rosenberg) , 1 S type. Exp. 22-26 mm.
(7 c.) Stenia interruptalis , sp. n.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen white tinged with brown ; palpi black above, white below. Fore wung white, the costal area suffused wdth fuscous brown, at base extending to median nervure ; the apical area broadly fuscous brown down to vein 3, the white extending to termen between vein 3 and submedian fold, the tornal area fuscous broAvn to near post- medial line ; an indistinct erect brown antemedial line ; a small brown annulus in middle of cell; a brown discoidal lunule with white centre ; postmedial line slightly waved, erect from costa to vein 5, bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and erect to inner margin ; a terminal series of blackish points ; cilia wEite, tinged with fuscous brown at tips. Hind wing white ; a slight discoidal dark lunule with white centre ; a slight dark postmedial line, erect from costa to vein 5, excurved and obsolescent between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and oblique to tornus ; a large apical fuscous- brown patch ; a slight dark mark on termen at submedian fold.
Hab. Ecuador, Chimbo, 1 $ type. Exp. 20 mm.
(7 d.) Stenia fuscilunalis, sp. n.
Blepharomastiv colubralis, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 268 (part.) nec Guen.
S . Head, thorax, and abdomen white suffused with browm ; palpi black above, white below ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white. Fore wing white ; the costal area suffused with fuscous browu ; the apical area
Sir G. F. Hampson on new Pyralidse
suffused with fuscous brown to vein 4 ; a slight erect ante- medial line; a dark point in middle of cell and small dark discoidal lunule ; postmedial line minutely waved^ ereet from costa to vein o, bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, retracted and obsolescent to lower angle of cell, then erect to inner margin ; a terminal series of dark points ; cilia brownish white, with a dark line near base. Hind wing white; a slight dark discoidal lunule, with an oblique line from it to tornus ; postmedial line erect from costa to vein 5, then bent outwards and oblique to termen at submedian fold ; the apex slightly suffused with brown, a dark line on termen, and slight brown line through cilia towards apex.
$ . Fore wing with the terminal points more distinct ; hind wing with the apex not suffused with brown and with punctiform terminal line from apex to vein 2.
Hab. Guatemala, Vera Paz {Champion'), 1 $ ; Costa Rica, Irazu [Rogers), 1 S Cache [Rogers), 1
R. Sucio [Rogers), 1 Panama, Chiriqui [Champion), 2 $ . Godman-Salvin Coll. Exp., 24, $ 20 mm.
(7 e.) Stenia irroratalis, sp. n.
J . Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish suffused with brown; palpi blackish, white below; genital tufts ochreous white. Fore wing whitish tinged and irrorated with yellow- browm, the costal area and terminal area to vein 3 suffused with brown ; traces of a dark antemedial line ; a slight dark discoidal lunule ; a faint, dai’k, postmedial, minutely waved line, erect from costa to vein 5, bent outwards to vein 2, then retracted and almost obsolete to lower angle of cell and erect to inner margin ; a terminal series of slight dark points ; cilia ochreous white, with a slight brown line through them. Hind wing tinged with ochreous ; a faint dark discoidal lunule ; traces of a postmedial line erect from costa to vein 5, bent outwards to vein 2, retracted to lower angle of cell and oblique to tornus ; some slight dark points on termen towards apex.
Hab. Guatemala, Cerro Zunil [Champion), 3 type, Godman-Salvin Coll. ; Brazil, Rio Janeiro, 1 c^. Exp. 26 mm.
(8 a.) Stenia biannulalis, sp. n.
$ . Head, thorax, and fore w ing white slightly tinged with pale red-brown ; palpi black above ; fore tibiae and tarsi tinged with fuscous. Fore wing white ; the costal edge pale reddish brown ; a diffused subbasal reddish-brown line from
of the Suhfaniilij Ily Jrocampinse.
costa to submedian fold ; aiitemedial line reddish brown, rather diflused, obliquely curved ; an annulus in middle of cell defined by rather diflused reddish brown and a similar elliptical discoidal annulus ; postmedial line reddish brown, diffused, with small black spot at costa, incurved from costa to vein 2 near termen, then retracted to lower angle of cell and rather outwardly oblique to inner margin ; a diffused red-brown terminal band except at apex and tornus ; a dark striga on termen from apex, followed by a series of slight points ; cilia white, brownish at tips. Hind wing white ; a diffused pale reddish-brown aiitemedial line; a diffused pale reddish-browm postmedial line excurved between veins 5 and 2 and ending on termen above tornus ; a diffused pale reddish-brown band just before termen from apex to vein 2 ; cilia white faintly tinged with red-browm except tow^ards tornus ; the underside with rather quadrate discoidal annulus.
Hab. Brazil, Amazons, Pebas, 1 type. Exp. 20 mm.
(8 5.) Stenia aphenice^ sp. n.
Lederia lilienice, Druce, Biol. Centr.-Am., Het. ii. p. 249 (nec Cram,).
. Head and thorax purplish fuscous ; antennse yellowish white with some dark points on shaft ; abdomen purplish fuscous, the medial segments and ventral surface ringed with white ; anal tuft yellowish ; wings white. Pore wing with purplish-fuscous costal fascia ; an inwardly oblique straight antemedial band ; both wings with outwardly oblique medial and postmedial bands terminating before and above tornus ; a terminal band expanding towards apex.
Hab. Mexico, Vera Cruz (^Schaus), 1 ^ type. Exp.
24 mm.
(8 c.) Stenia mallaleuca, sp. n.
<^. Pure white. Pore wing with some dark points on costa ; the lines pale yellow-brown, the antemedial curved, the postmedial excurved between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell ; traces of a discoidal spot. Hind wing with indistinct discoidal spot ; the postmedial line excurved between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell.
Hab. Brazil, Castro Paraha, 1 ^ type ; Sao Paulo. Exp. 22-26 mm.
1
Z Sir G. F. llampson on new Pjrali'Ise
(10«.) Stenia 2>haofipilalis^ sp. ti.
Head and tliorax brownish grey; pectns white in front; fore legs except tarsi fuscous ; abdomen grey. Fore wing brownish grey irroratcd with a few black scales ; a very ol)lique punctiform black antemcdial line ; a slight blackish s[)ot in middle of cell and another at upper angle; post- medial line black, rather punctiform, excurved from costa to vein 3, then strongly incurved, and with blackish patch from it to tornus below vein 2; a terminal series of slight black points. Hind wing semihyaline whitish tinged with brown, the termen slightly browner except towards tornus.
Hab. Bii. E. Africa, Teita [F. J. Jackson), 2 ^ type. Eap. 14 mm.
(3 «.) Piletocera albipictalis , sp. n.
Antenme of male with a tuft of hair at one third, followed by a ridge of hair, then a tuft at two thirds, followed by a sinus ; fore wing with the basal half of costa lobed ; hind wing with the termen excised below vein 3 and produced to a rounded lobe at vein 1, the tornus truncate ; fore femora with tuft of hair at extremity.
. Head black-brown, the vertex pure white; antennse whitish, with the tufts at one third and two thirds blackish ; thorax white, the outer edge of tegulse and patagia and the tips of patagia dark brown, the dorsum of thorax tinged with brown ; pectus and legs black-brown, the hind tarsi white ; abdomen black-brown, the first three segments with wdiite dorsal bands, the tw^o terminal segments with white dorsal spots, the ventral surface white, the genital tufts ochreous. Fore wing black-brown, the cell and basal half of inner area pure white, confluent with a triangular patch between veins 5 and 2 extending to postmedial line ; a black point in middle of cell and quadrate spot in end of cell, with its lower edge indented by wdiite ; a browm striga on vein 1 « at inner margin; postmedial line defined by wdiite on outer side, somewdiat excurved below costa, slightly bent outw^ards betw een veins 5 and 2, then retracted to near base of vein 2, oblique and sinuous to middle of inner margin ; a white point on termen above tornus ; cilia white at tips towards tornus. Hind wdng blaek-browm ; some ‘whitish at base of inner area ; a pale, oblique, minutely waved medial line, obsolescent on costal half, whitish on inner half; an irregu- larly quadrate white patch on terminal area between veins 5 and 2, leaving a dark terminal line ; cilia white from
of the Suhfamily Ilyclrocainpina?.
\3
vein 3 to the lobe ; tlie underside with maculate wliite medial band from costa to vein 2.
Hab. Solomons^ Bougainville I. {Meek)^ 2 S type- Exp. 26 mm.
(3 b.) Piletocera slyyialis^ sp. n.
Antennae of male with a tuft of hair at one thirds followed by a ridge of hair, then another tuft, followed by a sinus ; fore femora with tuft of hair at extremity; fore wdug with the basal half of costa lobed.
. Head, thorax, and abdomen black-brown ; antennae with the tuft at two thirds of shaft white, the shaft beyond it white above; tarsi with slight pale rings ; abdomen with the terminal segment ochreous below, the genital tufts ochreous white ; wings black-brown. Fore wing with very indistinct pale postmedial line, slightly excurved below costa, bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted towards lower angle of cell and again slightly excurved. Hind Aving with very indistinct pale postmedial line, slightly excurved beloAV costa, bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to near lower angle of cell and oblique to tornus.
Hab. Solomons, Choiseul I. {Meek), 1 J type; Guadal- canar I. {Meek), 1 ; Kulambangra I. {Meek), 1 . Exp.
24 mm.
(4 a.) Piletocera dentico stalls, sp. n.
Fore wing with tufts of hair on inner area below pro- jecting over hind wing.
$ . Head whitish ; palpi with the extremity of second joint and the third joint brown ; antennae brown to beyond the tufts ; thorax cupreous brown ; pectus and legs white, fore legs with the tuft of scales at extremity of femora black. Fore wing cupreous brown ; a small whitish spot in middle of cell, with others below it above and below vein 1 ; a whitish discoidal lunule ; postmedial line with whitish bars at costa and inner margin, excurved and obsolescent between those points. Hind wing cupreous brown ; a dark post- medial line defined by whitish on outer side, nearly straight from costa to termen at vein 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and oblique to tornus ; the underside with the basal area whitish, an indistinct discoidal annulus.
Hab. Solomons, Gizo I. {Meek), 1 ^ type. Exp. 20 mm.
Sir G. F. Ilampson on new Pyrali Jai
(4 b.) Piletocera infernalis, sp. n.
Fore win" with tufts of hair on inner area below projeeting over hind wing.
(^ . Uniform black-brown.
Hah. Solomons^ Kulambangra I. [Meek), 2 type. Exp. 22 ram.
Subsp. 1. — Palpi at sides_, except third joint, and outer side of fore legs whitish.
Hah. Solomons, Guadalcanar I. [Meek), 1 Exp.
18 ram.
(14 a.) Piletocera microdontalis, sp. n.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen cupreous brown ; palpi in front, pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish. Fore wing cupreous brown ; traces of a dark antemedial line ; a white bar across cell before the dark discoidal lunule with whitish centre ; subtermirial line white, somewhat puncti- form, arising from costa towards apex nearly straight from costa to vein 2 near termen, except that it is toothed outwards at vein 5, retracted at vein 2 and almost obsolete except for a small whitish spot in submedian interspace ; cilia whitish just below vein 2. Hind wing cupreous brown ; postmedial line pale, arising from costa towards apex, sinuous to termen at vein 2 and toothed outwards below vein 5, below vein 2 retracted to lower angle of cell and almost obsolete, then again whitish and oblique to tornus ; cilia with a fine white line at base ; the underside with faint dark spot in middle of cell and discoidal annulus.
Hah. Woodlark I. [Meek), 1 $ type. Exp. 18 mm.
(15 a.) Piletocera hadesialis, sp. n.
^ . Black ; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen yellowish white. Fore wing with traces of a dark antemedial line ; an ochreous point in middle of cell and discoidal somewhat 8-shaped spot. Hind wing with traces of dark discoidal spot and postmedial line retracted at vein 3 to angle of cell.
? . Fore wing with the discoidal spot larger and with traces of a dark postmedial line on its outer edge, retracted below it.
Hah. Penang [Curtis). Exp. 16 mm. Type in Coll. Rothschild.
of the Siihfamily ITy(liocamj)lria3.
V
(32«.) Piletocera phaeocraspedalis, sp. ii.
$ . Head and thorax orange-yellow tinj^ed with brown ; abdomen yellow, dorsally sulfiised with brown exeept at base, the ventral surface whitish. Fore wing orange-yellow, the terminal area broadly fuscous ; the costa brown ; two small brown spots in cell near base; a round spot in end of cell with a short streak below it ; a yellow discoidal lunule defined by brown ; postmedial line dark brown, somewhat dentate, expanding slightly to costa, oblique to vein 7, angled inwards in discal fold, then excurved to the dark terminal area, at vein 2 retracted towards lower angle of cell, then slightly excurved again ; a yellowish mark on termen at vein 2; cilia dark brown, whitish above tornus. Hind wing orange-yellow, the terminal area broadly fuscous; a dark discoidal spot with oblique line from it to above tornus ; a dark postmedial spot below costa with traces of the post- medial line from it excurved between veins 5 and 2 ; some yellow on termen at vein 2; cilia fuscous, whitish at sub- median interspace ; the underside with discoidal annulus defined by brown.
Hab. Solomons, Choiseul I. [Meek), 1 $ type. Exp. 18 mm.
(34 a.) Piletocera rotundalis, sp. n.
Very dark brown; palpi at base, pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish. Fore wing short and broad, the apex rounded ; a dark-edged annulus at middle of cell and discoidal lunule with whitish spot between them ; traces of an antemedial line ; a minutely dentate postmedial line defined by pale brown on outer side, excurved between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell. Hind wing with traces of ante- and postmedial lines. Underside of fore wing with fascia of black scales in and beyond upper angle of cell and whitish patch beyond the cell.
Hab. Bali [Doherty), 2 $ type. Exp. 16 mm.
Subsp. 1. — Fore wing more uniform dark brown, the markings obscured; the white spot reduced to a point; underside without the fascia of black scales, a small white spot beyond cell.
Hab. Talaut [Doherty), 1 Woodlark I. [Meek),^^-, St. Aignan [Meek), 1
Sir G. F. Ilampson oyi upao PyralidaB
(37 «.) Piletocera micralis, sp. n.
Antennse of male laminate ; hind wing with the termen excurved at middle and excised below apex and towards tornus.
S . Pale yellow ; fore tibise with black band at extremity ; abdomen with black dorsal line before anal tuft. Fore wing with black points at base on costa and below cell ; an ill-defined fuscous subbasal line ; aiitemedial line excurved from median ncrvure to inner margin ; a small dark spot in middle of cell and discoidal lunule defined by fuscous^ with small blackish spot above it on costa ; two black points on postmedial part of costa, the postraedial line arising from the outer point, excurved below vein 5 and ending at tornus, towards which it is somewdiat diffused ; a rather strong black terminal line ; cilia whitish with blackish tips. Hind wing with slight dark discoidal spot, with sinuous line from it to inner margin ; postmedial line sinuous, excurved below vein 5 and ending at tornus ; a rather strong blackish terminal line from apex to vein 2 ; cilia whitish, fuscous at tips on apical half.
Hab. PoRNEo, Kuching {Shelford), 1 J' type. Exp. 8 mm.
(37 h.) Piletocera cumulalis, sp. n.
Antennse of male laminate and without tufts ; fore wing normal.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale yellow, slightly irro- rated with fuscous ; palpi with black bars at extremity of first and second segments ; abdomen tinged with orange at extremity and with subdorsal black spots on terminal segment ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish, the fore tibise with fuscous band at extremity. Fore wing pale yellow sparsely irrorated with black and with slight blackish suffusion on terminal area below apex ; a black subbasal line, slightly angled inwards in cell, then oblique and somewhat maculate ; antemedial line oblique from costa to just below median nervure, then erect ; a small, rather indistinct, dark annulus in middle of cell ; a discoidal lunule with yellow centre ; postmedial line incurved from costa to vein 4y then erect to vein 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and oblique to above inner margin ; a terminal series of small black spots from costa to vein 4 and a spot above tornus; cilia fuscous at tips. Hind wing pale yellow with fuscous suffusion between lower angle of cell and tornus
of the Subfamily llydrocamplnio.
atul beyond the postmcdiiil line below eosta ; a small Ijlaek diseoidal spot and line t‘roin lower atiirle of eell to inner margin near tornus ; postrnedial line bent outwards at vein 5 and again at vein 2, ending at tornus ; a black ter- minal line from apex to vein 3 and towards tornus ; eilia blaekish at tips.
Hub. Borneo, Kueliing {Shelford), 1 type. Erp. IG mm.
(38 fl.) Piletocera ranalis, sp. n.
(d' . Head and thorax fulvous yellow slightly tinged with brown ; abdomen pale fulvous yellow, the anal tuft blackish. Fore wing fulvous yellow slightly tinged with brown, the basal costal area rather darker ; a curved, slightly waved dark antemedial line; a black diseoidal spot; postrnedial line black, slightly angled outwards below costa and inwards in discal fold, then excurved, at vein 2 retracted towards lower angle of cell and again slightly angled outwards at vein 1 ; a series of small black spots just before termen; a fine terminal fuscous line ; cilia whitish. Hind wing fulvous yellow slightly tinged with brown; a small oblique blackish diseoidal spot ; postrnedial line blackish, excurved below costa, angled inwards in discal fold, then excurved, at vein 2 retracted to lower angle of cell, then oblique to inner margin ; a series of small black spots just before termen ; a tine fuscous terminal line ; cilia whitish.
$ much more suffused with fuscous ; the antemedial line of fore wing on inner side and the postrnedial line of both wings on outer side defined by ochreous.
Hab. Brazil, Lr. Amazons, Breves {Austen), 3 3^, 3 $ type ; Parana de Buyassu, 1 1 ? . Exp., ^ 16, ? 20 mm.
(38 b.) Piletocera albicilialis, sp. n.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen browm mixed with yellow ; pal[)i brown, white below; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish ; fore tibiae with fuscous band at extre- mity. Fore wing yellowish almost wholly suffused with brown, leaving the medial part of costa yellow ; an indistinct dark antemedial line, oblique from costa to median nervure, then erect; an indistinct dark diseoidal annulus; two blackish semicircular marks on costa just beyond middle; postrnedial line indistinct, dark slightly defined by yellowish on outer side, minutely dentate, erect from costa to vein 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and slightly excurved at
Ann. Sf Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 2
•fs
Sir G. F. Hampson on new Pyralidse
vein 1 ; a terminal series of small black spots ; cilia yellow at base followed by a black line, the tips white slightly inter- sected with fuscous. Hind wing yellowish almost wholly suffused with brown ; a faint dark postmedial line slightly defined by whitish on outer side, nearly straight from costa to vein 2, then retracted to lower angle of cell and oblique to inner margin; a fine black terminal line ; cilia yellow at base followed by a black line, the tips pure white.
Hab. Brazil, Lr. Amazons, Parana de Buyassu {Austen)^ 1 ? type. Exp. 20 mm.
(38 c.) Piletocera rufulalis, sp. n.
Fore wing of male with no fovea in cell.
^ . Pale rufous ; fore tibiae with black band at extremity ; tarsi whitish with fuscous bands ; abdomen with black dorsal line before anal tuft ; wings slightly irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing with subbasal blackish points on costa and in ceil ; antemedial line blackish, oblique from costa to submedian fold ; a blackish spot in middle of cell and discoidal lunule ; three small black annuli on postmedial part of costa, the postmedial line arising from the outermost, excurved between veins 5 and 2 along which it is retracted, then again excurved ; a terminal series of small black spots ; cilia with series of slight fuscous spots at tips. Hind wing with small blackish discoidal spot ; postmedial line bent outwards between veins 5 and 2, then retracted to below end of cell and oblique to tornus ; a terminal series of small blackish spots ; cilia with series of slight fuscous spots at tips.
Hab. Sierra Leone [Clements), 2 ^ type. Exp. 20 mm.
(38 d.) Piletocera fidvalis, sp. n.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen fulvous yellow ; palpi fuscous above, white below ; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen whitish, the fore tibiae with fuscous band at extremity. Fore wing fulvous yellow ; the costal edge fuscous ; antemedial line indistinct, oblique, slightly angled just below median nervure ; a small rather ill-defined ocellus in middle of cell ; a discoidal lunule with yellow centre ; postmedial line expanding into a small black spot at costa, incurved to vein 5, then excurved to termen at vein 2, then almost obsolete and retracted to just below lower angle of cell and again distinct and slightly excurved ; a maculate terminal line from below apex to vein 2 ; cilia with a slight fuscous line at middle. Hind wing fulvous yellow ; a small
of the Subfamily llydi’ocamplnai.
fuscous discoidal spot ; postmedial line fuscous, cxcurvcd from vein 5 to termcu at vein 2, then almost obsolete and retracted to just below lower angle of cell and again distinct and oblique to inner margin ; a maculate blackish terminal line ; cilia with a slight fuscous line at middle.
Hab. Bii. Guiana, Potaro 11. [Kaye), 1 ? type. Exp. 18 mm.
Genus Neogenesis, nov.
Palpi porrect, triangularly scaled, downcurved at extremity and extending about twice the length of head ; maxillary jialpi with pointetl tuft at extremity ; frons flat and oblique ; antennse annulate; tibiie with the spurs long and nearly even ; abdomen very long and slender. Fore wing of male with the costa strongly arched and fringed with short hair, the apex rounded and truncate; a fringe of very long hair on inner area below ; vein 3 from well before angle of cell ; 4, 5 stalked; 7 straight and well separated from 8, with w'hich 9, 10, 11 are coincident; female with vein 9 absent, 10, 11 stalked with 8. Hind wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 4, 5 stalked ; 6, 7 stalked, 7 anastomosing with 8.
A development from Clupeosoma.
(1.) Neogenesis flaviplagialis, sp. n.
Pale rufous ; palpi dark below ; throat pure white ; fore tibiae banded with fuscous and white ; abdomen ringed with white; wings semihyaline. Fore wing with indistinct den- tate subterminal line defined by pale yellow on inner side, most strongly towards inner margin, towards which it is bent inwards, the area beyond it pink ; termen yellow with series of black points. Hind wing suffused with pink except costal area ; a dentate postmedial line with large yellow patch on its inner side between veins 6 and 2, the termen and cilia yellow with series of black points.
Hab. Br. N. Guinea, Moroka [An'hony], 1 1 ? type,
Milne Bay [Meek), I . Exp,, c? 2f, ? 22 mm.
(4 a.) Clupeosoma laniferalis, sp. n.
^ . Fore wing with a fold the whole length of submedian interspace containing a fringe of long hair on upperside ; a large patch on upperside beyond the cell clothed witli rough hair directed towards the centre.
2^
Sir G. F. Ilampson on new Pyralidae
Head, thorax, and abdomen rufous ; throat, greater part o£ tibiae, the tarsi, and segmental rings on abdomen wliite. Fore wing rufous, the costal area towards apex and termen pink; tlie cilia yellow. Hind wing pale rufous; a pink patch in and below end of cell followed by a large yellow lunulatc patch, the area beyond it black down to vein 2 ; cilia yellow.
Hah. Louisiades, St. Aignan [Meek). Exp, 14 mm. Type in Coll. Rothschild.
ScOFAHIAN^.
(3.) Microglossa JIavidaHs, sp. n.
. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellowish suffused with fuscous; third joint of palpi and basal joint of antennse blackish ; legs whitish, the fore tibiae and the tarsi banded with blackish ; abdomen with the anal tuft rufous. Fore wing yellowish irrorated with fuscous; a black subbasal line emitting short streaks below cell and on inner margin; two blaek antemedial spots on costa, a slight mark in cell and a band from cell to inner margin expanding into a patch below median nervure, a black point beyond it in cell ; a rather quadrate black discoid al spot ; two small black postmedial spots on costa, then a yellowish line defined on each side by blackish, excurved from below costa to vein 4, then incurved to below angle of cell and slightly waved to inner margin ; terminal area rather more suffused with black, with diffused yellowish marks below apex and at middle; cilia yellowish intersected with fuscous at base, whitish at tips. Hind wing whitish slightly tinged with brown.
Hah. W. China, Chang-Yang [Pratt) ^ 1 ^ type. Exp. 14 mm.
(3.) Eclipsiodes cuprealis, sp. n.
. Head and thorax dark cupreous brown ; palpi whitish below at base; tarsi with slight whitish rings; abdomen cupreous brown with a greyish tinge, the anal tuft with some whitish hairs below. Fore wing dark cupreous brown with slight dark irroration ; a faint diffused dark discoidal spot ; traces of a dark postmedial liiie excurved from costa to vein 4, then oblique ; a faint dark terminal line. Hind wing cupreous brown with a greyish tinge, the cilia whitish at tips.
Hah. Victoria, Gisborne [Lyell), 1 c^type. Exp. 24 mm.
of the Suhfamihj Scoparianai.
21
(4.) Eclipsiodes striatalis, sp. n.
Ilcafl and thorax pale grey irrorated witli fuscous ; abdo- men l)rownisli, the basal segment dorsally orange, lore 'vving grey-white strongly irrorated with fuseous ; the veins streaked vvitli blaek ; a prominent black streak just below submedian fold with a whitish streak below it ; a similar streak in cell from before middle to extremity with a more prominent white streak below it ; a short streak beyond the cell connected by a diffused oblicpie streak wdth the apex ; a series of dentate marks on termen. Hind wing tinged with browm, especially towards apex ; cilia w bite with a brown line through them.
Hab. W. Australia^ Sherlock R. {Clements), 2 J type. Ea:>j?. 24 mm.
(84 a.) Scoparia rufitinctalis , sp. n.
Head and thorax yellowdsh white ; sides of palpi and shoulders pale rufous ; fore legs tinged with rufous ; pectus, mid and hind legs, and abdomen white. Fo e wdng yellowish white rather sparsely irrorated with rufous ; a curved ante- medial rufous band diflPused on outer side and with slight dark streaks on it in and below cell ; a diflused rufous patch from middle of costa to lower angle of cell with black dis- coidal point on it ; an oblique rufous postmedial line, slightly excurved at middle and with darker point at costa, a broad band of rufous suffusion from just beyond it, constricted at middle ; the termen suffused with rufous, expanding some- what at discal fold and with obscure series of dark points on it; cilia yellowish white with a brown line near base. Hind wing white, faintly tinged with ochreous towards termen.
Hab. U.S.A,, Washington Terr., 4 ^ , Calitornia, Shasta Co., Pit R. ( Walsingham), 7 cf 5 ^ ? type. Exp. 20 mm.
(88 a.) Scoparia poliophcealis , sp. n.
Head and thorax dark reddish brown mixed with some white scales; abdomen pale reddish brown; pectus, legs, and ventral surface of abdomen white, the fore t]bi^e and the tarsi banded wdth brown. Fore wing whitish thickly irrorated and suffused with reddish brown, the suffusion forming dark bands beyond the ante- and postmedial lines ; an indistinct rather diffused whitish subbasal line; antemedial line diffused, white, oblique from costa to vein 1, where ic is angled, then angled inwards above inner margin ; a slight dark spot
22
Sir G. F. Ilampson on new PyralIJa3
l)cyoTi(l it in cell ; a reniform cliscoidal stifjma incompletely (lefined by diffused dark brown, and with some greyish siiffnsion beyond it before the postmedial line, which is white defined on inner side by a rather punctiform brown line, slightly angled inwards above vein 6, then excurved to vein 4, and obli(pie to itiner margin ; a diffused whitish snbterminal line somewhat angled inwards at diseal and submedian folds; a series of small dark brown spots just before termen ; cilia whitish tinged with brown and with a series of brown strim near base. Hind wing greyish brown, the cilia white •with a brown line near base ; the underside greyer with traces of a curved postmedial line.
Hah. SyiiiA, Lebanon [Pratt)^ 1 $ type. Exp. 2G- 30 mm.
(90 c^.) Scoparia microdontalis, sp. n.
Head and thorax mixed with fuseous and brown ; palpi dark brown at sides, the base and the maxillary palpi at tips white ; pectus and legs white, the fore tibiae and the tarsi banded with fuscous ; abdomen grey tinged with brown, the ventral surfaee white. Fore wing white tinged with brown and irrorated wdth black ; antemedial line indistinctly double filled in with white, oblique to’wards costa, angled outwards on median nervure and inwards in submedian fold, with short black streaks beyond it in cell and submedian fold; a slight dark patch on middle of eosta ; a rather X -shaped black discoidal spot ; postmedial line double filled in wdth white and with some dark suffusion beyond it, minutely dentate, excurved from costa to vein 5, then oblique ; a dark patch on middle of termen; a terminal series of small, some- what dentate black spots w ith white strise betw'een them ; cilia chequered pale brown and white with a dark line near base. Hind wing white tinged with brown.
Hob. Japan, Hakodate [Andrews), 1 c^, 1 $, Kiushiu, 1 $ , Yokohama [Jonas), 1 ^ type. Exp. 16-22 mm.
(105 a.) Scoparia isochroalis, sp. n.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale reddish brown, the ventral surface paler ; fore tibiae and tarsi banded fuscous and white. Fore wing wdjitish almost wholly suffused with red-brown and irrorated with fuscous ; slight subbasal dark spots in cell and above inner margin ; antemedial line defined by whitish on inner side, oblique towards costa, slightly angled inwards in submedian fold, then excurved, a short
23
of the Subfamily Scopariana?.
black streak beyond it in submedian fold ; some whitish in end of cell followed by two black discoidal bars with a black point beyond them; postmedial line indistinct, detined by whitish on outer side, oblique towards costa, cxcurved to vein 4, then inwardly oblique and minutely dentate, some darker brown suffusion beyond it on costal area; a series of short black streaks in interspaces of terminal area, the streak above vein 4 extendinj^ to postmedial line ; cilia whitish with a dark line near base. Hind wing whitish suffused with pale red-brown ; cilia ochreous white with a fine dark line near base.
Hab. Japan, Hakodate {Andrews), 1 $ type. Exp. 18 mm.
(107 a.) Scoparia met aleiic alls , sp. n.
S . Head and thorax grey tinged with brown and fuscous, the palpi at base and tips of maxillary palpi white ; pectus and legs whitish, the tarsi ringed with fuscous ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing wdiite slightly tinged with ochreous and irrorated with dark brown ; short dark streaks from base in cell and above inner margin; a diffused dark curved antemedial line wuth dark spot beyond it in cell and suffusion from median nervure to inner margin ; a large diffused dark brown rounded discoidal patch with some dark suffusion above it on costa ; postmedial line whitish defined on inner side by a brown patch on costa, then by short streaks, and wdth browui suffusion beyond it on costal area and from vein 3 to inner margin, excurved from below costa to vein 4, then incurved ; the termen dark with a diffused patch at middle ; cilia white with a dark line near base. Hind wing pure w hite.
Hah. W. China, Pu-tsu-fang, 1 $ type. Exp. 18 mm.
(109 a.) Scoparia luteiisalis, sp. n.
$ . Head and thorax oehreous yellow mixed with rufous ; abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing ochreous yellow ; a diffused reddish-brown streak below base of cell with some blackish scales on it and a slight streak above base of inner margin ; a diffused brown antemedial band, oblique from costa to submedian fold with a blackish streak from it in cell and two shorter streaks below the cell ; a diffused brown postmedial band with some blackish scales on it, oblique from costa to submedian fold, where it is angled inw^ards, and expanding into a discoidal spot; a diffused reddish-brown subterminal band, bent outwards to apex and with slight
24
Sir G. F. Ilampson on new Pjrallda?.
(larl< streaks on it in the interspaees ; the termen tinged with reddish browni with a series of black points. Hind wing semiliyalinc wdiite faintly tinged with brown ; a slight brown terminal line and slight line through the cilia.
Jlah. Azores [J. J. Walker), 1 ? type. E.xp. 22 mm.
(Ill a.) Scoparia melanographa, sp. n.
Scoparia slenota, Warr. Nov. Zool. xii. p. 447, nec Wlstn.
^ . Head and thorax black mixed wdth some grey-while; palpi white below at base; pectus whitish; legs whitish banded wntli fuscous ; abdomen black with white segmental lines, the ventral surface white with fuscous bands. Fore wing narrow, wdiite irrorated with black ; the base suffused with black, followed by a band formed of short diffused black streaks ; a diffused black antemedial line, rather angled inwards below cell, connected wdth an obscure diffused annulus from just below' costa to median nervure and with a patch of blackish suffusion beyond it on inner area ; a black streak on middle of costa connected by a bar with the rather X -shaped black discoidal spot, with a slight line from it to the black jiatch on tornal area; postmedial line black, strongest at costa, angled inwards at discal fold, then out- wards at vein 4 and oblique to the patch on tornal area ; a black patch from costa before apex to the triangular patch on middle of termen ; a black terminal line ; cilia grey with a black line near base, blind wing narrow', whitish tinged with fuscous especially towards termen ; a black terminal line ; cilia w hitish wdth a tine dark line near base.
Hah. Azores, S. Jorges, 1200' [0. -Grant), 1 $ , Terceira, 2200' [O.-Grant), 1 S fyie. Exp. 14 mm.
(124 «.) Scoparia albifusalis, sp. n.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous ; palpi white at base; pectus and ventral surface of abdomen white; legs wdiite and fuscous. Fore wing fuscous sparsely irrorated with wdiite ; antemedial line white, oblique from costa to sub- median fold ; an ill-defined dark discoidal spot ; postmedial line white, obtusely angled at vein 6 ; large wdiite patches on termen at apex, discal and submedian folds connected by the white terminal line. Hind wing greyish fuscous w ith a fine pale line at base of cilia.
Hub. Ceylon, Bogowantalawa, Maskeliya [Pole), 3 ? type. E.xp. 16 mm.
On some new Species of Blattlclaa.
25
II. — On some new Species o/Blalti(la3 m the Oxford and Paris Museums. By II. Siielford, M.A., F.L.S.
Subfam. Ectobinje.
Genus Anaplectoidea, Shelf.
Anaplectoidea Dohertyi, sji. n.
$ . Clear testaceous, nitid. Head rufo-testaceous, antennae testaceous. Pronotum posteriorly truncated, exposing the scutellum, testaceous, lateral margins hyaline. T( gmina with fifteen costal veins; anterior ulnar with six branches, some of which are oblique, posterior ulnar simple ; anal vein strongly curved, well marked ; four axillary veins ; the part of the right tegmen overlapped by the left reticulated. Wings hyaline, suffused with a pale flavid tint, with ten costal veins incrassated at the apex ; medio-discal field crossed by eleven transverse veinlets ; ulnar vein curved upwards, with five branches, the medio-ulnar field only one third the breadth of the medio-discal field, first anal vein quadriramose ; apical area small, barely one fifth of total wing-length, its basal margin obtusely angled, its apex slightly emarginate, divided almost equally by a longitudinal vein. Supra-anal lamina produced, its apical margin straight ; subgenital lamina ample, semiorbicular ; cerci elongate, nine-jointed.
Length of body 7 mm. ; length of tegmina 6 mm.
Sangir [IV. Doherty) ; one example (Oxford Mus.).
Genus Hololampra, Sauss.
Hololampra minuta, sp. n.
$ . Head rufo-castaneous, antennae fuscous with exception of first two basal joints, which are testaceous. Pronotum covering vertex of head, trapezoidal, the angles rounded, sides deflexed, posterior margin nearly straight ; all the margins testaceous, most broadly at posterior angles ; disk rufo-casta- neous, with a posterior transverse castaneous vitta which is notc hed anteriorly. Tegmina ovate, smooth, shining, hyaline- testaceous, extending as far as middle of fourth abdominal tergite, the veins testaceous; eight costal veins, the last three ramose, discoidal sectors oblique and few in number, anal vein not impressed. Wings scale-like. Abdomen testaceous above, banded with black, beneath black margined with
26
Mr. 11. Shelford on some
testaceous, last segment and subgenital lamina rufo-casta- ucous ; supra-anal lamina short, trigonal, with a median impressed line; subgcnital lamina ample, semiorbicular, projecting beyond the supra anal lamina; cerci moderate, black. Legs rufo-testaeeous ; femora very sparsely armed, not more than two spines on the anterior and posterior margins of each.
Total length 6 mm. ; length of tegmiiia 4 mm.
Andrahoniana, South Madagascar [Ch. Alluaud, 1901) ; twm examples (Paris Museum).
One of the smallest species of the genus.
Subfam. Phyllobromin^e.
Genus Isciinoptera, Burm.
Ischnoptera Ridleyi, sp. n.
S. Head ferruginous, a V-shaped darker mark between the antennal sockets ; antennae ferruginous, longer than the body. Pronotum rounded, posteriorly truncate, sides slightly deflexed, not covering vertex of head ; disk rufous, with two broad vittae, black in colour, not reaching the posterior margin, their outer margins sinuate, their inner margins straight. Tegmina ferruginous ; radial vein bifurcated at the middle ; sixteen costal veins ; discoidal area with eleven longitudinal sectors ; seven axillary veins. Wings hyaline, veins fuscous, the marginal field suffused wdth flavid ; radial vein bifurcated at the middle, mediastinal vein wfith five branches; fourteen costal veins ; median vein sinuate ; ulnar vein with fourteen branches, six of which go to the apex of the w'ing. Abdomen infuscated above, ferruginous below^ ; the seventh tergite notched in the middle of its posterior margin, the eighth very narrow ; the eighth sternite reduced to a pair of lateral lappets ; the supra-anal lamina quadrate, its posterior margin notched and produced on each side of the notch into tw o curved and slender processes ; the sub- genital lamina subquadrate, its posterior margin much thickened, forming two asymmetrical swellings wLich are grooved and furnished with numerous minute denticles ; styles absent. Front femora with the anterior border beneath armed throughout its length with long stout spines.
Length of body 22 mm. ; length of tegmina 20 mm.
Singapore [H. N. Ridley, March to May, 1906) ; one example (Oxford Museum).
This species, like so many of its Oriental congeners, presents unusual modifications of those external parts which are
27
neto Species of Blattida3.
related to reproduction. The form of tlie subgenital lamina in I. lUdleyi recalls that of Hemithyrsocera hisirio, Burrn.
Ischnoptera per'pulchra, sp. n.
? . Head testaceous, antennae (mutilated) testaceous at base. Pronotum trapezoidal, posterior margin slightly pro- duced ; disk flavo-testaceous, encircled by a broad pcnannular ring of black, open on the anterior margin, lateral and poste- rior margins testaceous. Tegmina castaneous, margin testa- ceous ; eighteen costal veins ; radial vein bifurcated beyond the middle, the lower branch sending ramifications to the apex of the wing ; discoidal field with nine longitudinal sectors, the most internal of which are angled. Wings hyaline, veins fuscous, marginal field bordered with testa- ceous ; mediastinal vein with six branches, ten to twelve costal veins, radial vein bifurcated beyond the middle ; ulnar vein with seven branches, three of which run towards the dividing vein. Abdomen flavo-testaceous above, except at the apex, which is fuscous, testaceous below ; supra-aual lamina produced triangular, subgenital lamina ample. Legs testaceous ; front femora armed on the anterior margin beneath with strong spines throughout its length, the most basal the longest; formula of apical spines j-; front femora without a genicular spine, unless the most anterior apical spine is to be regarded as such.
Length of body 12 mm. ; length of tegmina 14 mm.
Macassar, Celebes {W. Doherty, 1896) ; one example (Oxford Museum).
This species is rather a puzzling one ; the angulation of some of the discoidal sectors of the tegmina suggests the genera Fseudomops and Pseudothyrsocera, but this is a character that also crops up in Phyllodromia, and, taken by itself, is not of the greatest importance ; it is on account of the branching of the vena ulnaris alarum, so characteristic of Ischnoptera, that 1 have referred this species to that generic position.
%
Ischnoptera cavernicola, sp. n.
S. Head castaneous, mouth-parts testaceous; antennae testaceous, one and a half times longer than the body. Pronotum rufo-castaneous, with lateral and posterior margins narrowly castaneous. Tegmina clear testaceous, radial vein bifurcated, twelve costal veins, six discoidal sectors. Wings hyaline, mediastinal vein with three branches, seven costal
28
Mr. H. Slielford on some
vcins^ radial vein not bifurcated, ulnar vein sending three brandies to tlie dividing vein and three to the apex of the "vving. Abdomen rufo-tcstaccous, supra-anal lamina sliglitly jiroduccd, rounded ; subgenital lamina produced, narrow, with two stout styles; cerci elongate. Legs rufo-testa- ceous ; front femora with anterior margin beneath armed throughout its length with a series of short spines, the most distal the shortest; apical spines {, j- ; genicular spines 1, 1, 1.
Length of body 10 mm. ; length of tegmina 9 5 mm.
In cave at Bidi, Sarawak, Borneo {R. Shdford) ; one example (Oxford Museum). [No. 22.]
The species, which can he readily recognized by the pale pronotum with dark margins, was found in some numbers in a large and quite dark cave in the limestone formation at Bidi, Sarawak ; it is somewhat remarkable that this cock- roach, a Stenopelmatid (? Dolichopoda) , and a species of crab [Potamon hidiense, Lanch.), which were all found in con- siderable numbers in the darkest part of the cave, show no reduction in size of the eyes ; one can only suppose that the caves have been peopled within quite recent times by these Arthropoda. The antennae of the Stenopelmatid are of great length, but this is not the case in Ischnoptera cavernicola.
Genus Ellipsidium, Sauss.
Ellipsidiwn castaneum, sp. n.
$ . Head dark rufous, with a black spot between the antennal sockets ; antennae with the basal half strongly incrassated, black, the two basal joints rufous, apical half with a testaceous band occupying ten lower joints, the remaining joints fuscous. Disk of the pronotum rufo- testaceous, with a symmetrical black design, anterior and posterior margins pale testaceous, lateral margins hyaline. Tegmina castaneous, with the densely reticulated veins pale testaceous, the mediastinal field hyaline. Wings infuscated, veins flavid. Abdomen black beneath, sternites with white margins ; subgenital lamina with the apex slightly cleft ; cerci black, with castaneous legs. Legs castaneous, the coxae black, with white borders, the tarsi black.
Total length 14 mm. ; length of tegmina 12'5 mm. ; pronotum 4x6 mm.
Humboldt Bay, New Guinea {W. Doherty, 1896) ; one example (Oxford Museum).
29
new Species of Blattidae.
Tin’s well-marked speeies somewhat extends the range of the genus, hitherto known only 1‘rom Australia.
Genus Piroblatta, iiov.
Differs from Chrastohlatta, Sauss. & Zehnt., by the less prominent vertex, by the shape of the pronotum, by the greater breadth of the tegrnina, and by the presence of a prominent triangular apical area in the wings.
Head almost covered by the pronotum ; pronotum trape- zoidal, anterior margin truncate, sides deflexed, posterior margin slightly arcuate ; scutellum exposed ; tegmina longer than the body, discoidal sectors oblique. Wings with a large apical triangle, projecting beyond the anterior part of the wing ; ulnar vein bifurcate and sending also two to three branches to the dividing vein. Front femora unarmed beneath, mid and hind femora very sparsely armed on both borders beneath ; genicular spines present on all the femora. Supra-anal lamina in the male somewhat quadrately pro- duced, in the female triangularly produced.
On a re-examination of the species described by me as Theganopteryx Bouvieri (Trans. Ent. Soc. 1906, p. 236) I have come to the conclusion that a new genus must be established for this and for the species described below. In general appearance both species are very like Theganopteryx, but the branching of the ulnar vein of the wings is sutFicient to place them close to the genus Chrastoblatta, from which, however, they may be distinguished by the points enumerated above. Both species are testaceous in colour and quite unlike the conspicuous Chrastoblatta dhnidiata, Sauss. & Zehnt., and C. tricolor, Sauss. & Zehnt. The females are shorter and a little broader than the males.
Piroblatta Alluaudi, sp. n.
. Head rufo-eastaneous ; maxillary palpi and antennae testaceous, the latter longer than the body ; pronotum rufo- testaceous, the lateral margins hyaline. Tegmina testaceous hyaline ; fifteen to sixteen costal veins, eight oblique discoidal sectors. Wings hyaline; veins fuscous, marginal field flavid ; fourteen to fifteen costal veins, their apices very slightly incrassated ; ulnar vein bifurcated and sending three branches to the dividing vein; first axillary vein quadri- ramose, triangular apical field large. Legs and cerci rufo- testaceous. Abdomen piceous ; supra-anal lamina trigonal, subgenital lamina semiorbicular ; the left style stout and curved, the right style minute.
m
Mr. K. fSlielibrd on some
$ . Similar to the male, but shorter ; supra-anal lamina triangular ; sul)genital lamina ample.
S . Length of body 7 mm. ; length of tegmina 8 mm.
2 . Length of body 7 mm. ; length of tegmina 7*5 mm.
Diego Suarez, Madagascar (Alluaud, April 1896) ; eight examples (Paiis Museum).
Piroblatta Boiivieri, Shelf.
The(/anopteryx Bouvieri, Shelford, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1906,
p. 266.
The female has the pronotum less strongly marked with testaceous than the male; the supra-anal lamina is trigonal, the subgenital lamina ample and semiorbicular ; the tegmina measure 8 mm., as against 10‘8 mm. in the male, the body 8 mm., as against 9 5 mm. in the male.
Genus Phyllodromia, Serv.
Phyllodromia pictiirata, sp. n.
A . Head testaceous, with castaneous markings, forming a symmetrical design. Pronotum transversely elliptical, lateral margins hyaline ; disk of the pronotum pale testaceous, with castaneous markings composed of irregular spots and two central longitudinal lines ; a few minute castaneous points in the hyaline margins. Tegmina hyaline testaceous, Avitli castaneous spots disposed along the veins, denser at two points in the marginal field, forming two indistinct maculae; an oblique castaneous fascia on the right tegmen extending from the middle of the anal field to the apical third of the radial vein ; mediastinal vein with two branches, radial vein not bifurcated, twelve costal veins ; anterior ulnar vein sending several branches to the sutural margin, posterior ulnar vein simple ; anal vein somewhat sinuate, its apex suddenly bent inwards. Wings hyaline; nine costal veins, the six basal clavately incrassated, the apical three ramose; ulnar vein with five branches. Abdomen infuscated above, testaceous, marbled with fuscous below ; supra-anal lamina short, transverse ; subgenital lamina ample, somewhat irre- gular, the left style larger than the right and curved (cerci mutilated) . Legs testaceous ; tibise banded wntli castaneous ; tarsi fuscous except the basal two thirds of the first joint; front femora not armed beneath ; mid and hind femora sparsely spined ; apical spines T, -}-, } ; no genicular spine on front femora.
31
new Species of BlattlJa3.
Length of body 9 imn. ; leiigtli of tcgmiiia 10 mm.; pro- notum 2*2 x 4' 5 mm.
Singapore, Botanic Gardens {II. N. Ridley) ; one example (Oxford Museum).
The s[)ecies in the eharactcrs presented by the femora and supra-anal lamina resembles the Ectobinje, but the wing- structure is typically Phyllodromine.
Pliijllodromia albovarieyata, sp. n.
$ . Head dark eastaneous, with two diverging testaceous lines running from the vertex to the sides of the clypeus; clypeus rufo-testaceous ; palpi fusco-testaceous ; antennae testaceous at base, the rest fuscous. Pronotum trapezoidal, dark castaneous, with a narrow central line testaceous, lateral margins hyaline. Tegmiiia dark castaneous, paler towards the apex, mediastinal field and base of marginal field hyaline ; a transverse white fascia extending from the marginal field to the apex of the anal field, not meeting its fellow of the opposite side ; twelve costal veins, the apical four branched, discoidal sectors oblique. Wings infuscated, costal margin very narrowly flavid ; eleven costal veins, their apices iticras- sated ; ulnar vein 5-ramose, the branches joined by trans- verse venulse; a prominent apical triangle. Abdomen fuscous, with a fulvous patch on the disk below ; supra-anal lamina short, transverse ; subgenital lamina large, produced, its apex cleft ; cerci long, testaceous. Legs testaceous, front femora armed with several spines on the anterior margin beneath, the more distal being the shortest of the series ; mid femora strongly spined; hind femora sparsely spined, apical spines j-, \ ; no genicular spine on front femora.
Length of body 6 2 mm. ; length of tegmina 7 mm.
Fernando Po (L. Conradt, 1901) ; one example (Paris Museum) .
Phyllodromia nimbata, sp. n.
Testaceous. Head with a rufous band between the eyes and sometimes with a narrower band between the an- tennal sockets. Pronotum trapezoidal ; lateral margins hyaline ; disk testaceous, with rufous markings symmetri- cally disposed. Tegmina clear testaceous ; ten costal veins, five longitudinal discoidal sectors. Wings hyaline; medi- astinal vein with two branches ; eight to nine costal veins, their apices clavately incrassated ; ulnar vein with four branches. Abdomen infuscated above, testaceous below, with
32
Mr. R. Slielford on somo
fuscous margins ; supra-anal lamina trigonal, slightly emar- ginatc ; suhgcnital lamina triangularly produced, with two styles; ccrci elongate, testaceous. Legs testaeeous ; front femoi'a armed on anterior margin beneath with a series ol: s])ines, the most distal short and serried ; apieal spines j-, j-, } ; all the femora with gcnieular spines.
?. Head entirely rufo-tcstaccous ; supra-anal lamina transverse ; suhgenital lamina ample, semiorbicular, posterior margin slightly but widely cmarginate.
cf.
Length of body 11 mm. 8*1 mm.
Length of tegmina 10 mm. 9*8 mm.
Knelling, Sarawak, Borneo; five examples (Oxford IMuseum). [No. 29.]
Idle species is undoubtedly closely allied to Phyllodromm lityrifera^ StM, the type of which is now before me, but differs in the following points: — It is smaller; the head is not marked with three castaneous bands ; the coloration of the tegmina is difierent ; the wings are clear hyaline and their veins pale testaceous; the costal veins are more nume- rous; the supra-anal lamina is slightly more produced and its apex is emarginate ; the subgenital lamina is narrower. It is quite evident that de Saussure correctly identified P. liturijera, StM (Mel. Orthopt. ii. p. 56, 1869), and his detailed description of the species is perfectly accurate in every point.
Phyllodromia nebulosa, sp. n.
^ . Head testaceous ; four longitudinal lines on the vertex, three indistinct transverse bands on the face, castaneous. Pronotum trapezoidal, lateral margins hyaline, disk marbled with castaneous and testaceous. Tegmina clear testaceous, with numerous irregular castaneous markings occurring between the veins ; ten to eleven costal veins, five longitu- dinal discoidal sectors. Wings hyaline ; veins testaceous, mediastinal vein with two branches ; eight costal veins, their apices clavately incrassated ; ulnar vein with four branches. Abdomen infuscated ; supra-anal lamina triangular; sub- genital lamina ample, semiorbicular, v\ith two styles, the margin of the lamina emarginate at their points of insertion ; cerci long, testaceous, base and apex fuscous. Legs testa- ceous, the tibiae banded with fuscous ; armature of femora as in the preceding species.
$ . All the castaneous markings on the head more distinct ;
33
neio Species of l^latti(U\3.
snpra-anal lamina transverse, slightly emarginate ; subgenital lamina very large, its posterior margin slightly and asym- metrically emarginate.
d. $.
Total length 10 mm. 11 mm.
Length of tegmina 9 mm. 8 mm.
Kuching, Sarawak, Borneo ; three examples (Oxford Museum). [No. 30.]
The small size of the species and the marbling of the tegmina with darker markings serve to distinguish it from any of the described Oriental forms ; its nearest ally appears to be P. ignohiliSy Wlk., from Sula Islands.
Phyllodromia Hewittiy sp. n.
c^. Fulvo-castaneous. Antennae equal to total length of body, fuscous except at base. Pronotum trapezoidal, smooth, shining, sides deflexed, not covering vertex of head, with obscure darker markings, posterior margin slightly produced. Tegmina with radial vein bifurcated, twenty-one costal veins, discoidal area with nine longitudinal sectors. Wings with marginal area somewhat coriaceous ; mediastinal vein with five branches, radial vein bifurcated from near base; twelve costals ; ulnar vein with three branches ; a prominent triangular apical area. Front femora with eleven long spines on anterior margin beneath, the more distal closely set together ; formula of apical spines -{ ; no genicular
spine on front femora. Supra-anal lamina triangular ; sub- genital lamina produced, highly irregular in appearance ; no styles.
Total length 21 mm. ; length of body 18 mm. ; length of tegmina 18 ram.
Kuching, Sarawak. [No. 27.]
This species, which I have pleasure in naming after Mr. J. Hewitt, Curator of the Sarawak Museum, has all the appearance of an Ischnopteray but the wing- venation is that of a typical Phyllodromia ; it is, perhaps, most nearly allied to P. ferrugineay Br.
Phyllodromia (?) japonicay sp. n.
$ . Rufo-castaneous, nitid, broad, short. Head with a darker mark between the eyes ; antennae longer than the body, fuscous except at base. Pronotum trapezoidal, sides deflexed, not quite covering vertex of head, posterior margin
Ann. <&; Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 3
34
j\Ir. K. Sliclfoi’d on some
very angled ; a sliort black line on each side in
front. Tegmina not longer than abdomen ; radial vein bi- furcate; eleven costals ; seven axillaries ; discoidal sectors oblique. Wdiigs suffused Avith rufo-testaceous ; mediastinal vein with three branches, radial vein bifurcated ; eight costals; ulnar vein with three rami reaching apex of wing a id two irregular and anastomosing rami which are directed towards the apex of wing but do not reach it ; no apical triangle. Abdomen dark castaneous above and beneath, margined with paler ; supra-anal lamina triangular ; cerci moderate ; subgcnital lamina ample. Legs rufo-testaceous, all the femora strongly armed ; no genicular spine on front femora ; formula of apical spines j, { .
Total length 15’2 mm. ; length of tegmina 12 mm.; pro- notum 5*5 x 7'9 mm.
Kiou-Kiou, Oshima, Japan ; three examples (Paris Museum).
This is a very puzzling species, and I include it in the genus Phyllodromia with considerable doubt ; in general appearance it approaches the Madagascar species of Allacta, but it certainly does not belong to that genus. The wing- venation is suggestive of the genus Ischnoptera, but does not strictly conform to that type nor to the wing-venation of Phyllodromia.
Genus Pseudophyllodkomia, Br.
Pseudophyllodromia elegans^ Shelf.
$ . Head flavo-testaceous ; a rufous band on the vertex and between the eyes ; antennae fuscous except three basal joints, which are testaceous ; second and third joints of maxillary palpi black. Pronotum transversely elliptical, anteriorly truncate, posteriorly very slightly angulate ; lateral margins broadly, posterior margin narrowly hyaline testaceous ; disk dark castaneous, with four testaceous markings ; an anterior median line, stopping short before the middle of the disk ; two dots on each side of the middle line in the centre of the disk, a median posterior dot, in addition a rufescent marking on each side of the disk in front. Tegmina fusco-castaneous, marginal area and area between radial and anal vein testaceous hyaline ; twelve to thirteen costal veins, five discoidal sectors, five axillary veins. Abdomen fusco-castaneous above; supra-anal lamina short, trigonal ; abdomen beneath and legs flavo-testaceous ; sub- genital lamina ample, tipped with fuscous, its posterior margin cleft in the middle ; cerci moderate, testaceous.
r\ero Species o f Blatticl.'c. 35
Total length 11*5 mm. ; length of body 9 mm. ; length of tegmina 9' 2 mm.
Maroni, Freneh Guiana (F. Gemj, 1903) ; one example (Paris Museum).
F. histrio, Sauss., appears to be the nearest ally of this speeies, which is ivcll marked by the dark tegmina with one liyalinc band.
Genus Pseudectoiua^ Sauss.
Pse.udectohia AUuaudi, sp, n.
$ . Rufo-testaceous. Antennae and mouth-parts testa- ceous. Pronotum coA^ering vertex of head^ trapezoidal ; anterior margin truncate, posterior margin obtusely angled, lateral margins pellucid, with an opaque testaceous sub- marginal band bordered inw^ardly by a rufous suffusion. Tegmina convex, nitid, venation of anal and discoidal fields obsolete; anal vein deeply impressed, arcuate, reaching sutural margin at a point on one half of its length ; fifteen costals. Wings small, hyaline ; radial vein bifurcated near its apex ; twelve costal veins ; ulnar vein triramose ; apical triangle well defined, projecting beyond the anterior margin. Abdomen broad ; supra-anal lamina triangular ; subgenital lamina semiorbicular, projecting slightly beyond the supra- anal lamina. Front femora with eleven spines along the anterior margin beneath ; hind femora with four pairs of spines ; genicular spines and a pair of apical spines on each femur.
Total length 10 mm. ; length of tegmina 7 mm.; pro- notum 3x5 mm.
Diego Suarez, Madagascar {Alluaud, April 1896) ; one example (Paris Museum).
De Saussure created this genus or subgenus for the recep- tion of the species Luneli, Sauss., liturifera, Stal, insularis, Sauss., regarding the apical triangle and branched ulnar vein of the wings of prime importance. As I have shown (Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 231, 1906), the presence of an apical triangle in the wings is a feature that appears in so many subfamilies of Blattidae, that, taken by itself, it is of small value for purposes of generic distinction. I do not believe that liturifera, Stal, and insularis, Sauss., are con- generic, and 1 have seen the types of both species ; Luneli, Sauss., is congeneric with liturifera, Stal, and I do not see how either species can be separated from the genus Phyllo- dromia ; insularis^ Sauss.^ is a broad convex insect, very
]\Ir. R. Slielford on some
r,G
(lifTcrent from the other two species, and may well be selected as the type of tlic genus, which can be distinguished by the following cliaractcrs : —
Broad, convex insects ; the tegraina not projecting much beyond the tip of the abdomen, their venation sometimes obsolete in the anal and discoidal fields. Wings with an apical triangle, the ulnar vein ramose. Femora generally strongly armed. Supra-anal lamina variable, but usually produced.
Type of the genus P. insulans, Sauss.
The other species of the genus are P. hipunctata, Wlk., P. adimonialis, Wlk. ( = Lupparia adimonialis)^ possibly P. latipennis, Br. ( = Phyllodromia latipennis), and the new species described above. Of the species previously included in the genus, P. pallidula, Boh, and P. voeltzkowiana, Sauss. & Zehnt., have the supra-anal lamina produced, the abdomen is missing in P. Luneli, Sauss., and in P. intermedia, Sauss. & Zehnt. ; it is probable that the shape of this tergite is as variable as in the’ genus Phyllodromia, and too much reliance should not be placed on its transverse form in P. subpectinata, Sauss. & Zehnt., and P. antiguensis, Sauss. & Zehnt. In all these species the armature of the femora is most variable. They cannot be placed in the genus Theganoptery x on account of the ramose character of the vena ulnaris alarum {cf. Trans. Ent. Soc. p. 232, 1906), but the presence of a triangular apical area in the wings does not forbid their entry in the genus Phyllodromia, seeing that this character does occur in several well-marked and well-recognized species of that genus. P. punctulata , Sauss. & Zehnt., must be referred to the genus Theganoptery X,
Subfam. Nyctiborin^.
Nyctibora bicolor, sp. n.
? . Head entirely black, with a scanty erect pubescence on the front ; ocelli minute, testaceous ; antennae incrassated, black, apical joints rufescent, densely pubescent. Pronotnm transversely elliptical, anterior border not nearly covering vertex of head ; posterior border more arcuate than anterior, covering the scutellum; disk with tw^o converging impressions, flavo-testaceous, with a shield-shaped black mark on the disk, posterior margin with a fine black line. Tegmina coriaceous, serio-punctate and reticulate between the raised veins, not pubescent ; the basal three fifths flavo-testaceous, the apical two fifths dark castaneous; radial vein black throughout its
new i,Sjn<?c/e.9 oy’ Blattidio. 37
length, sutural margins black, anal vein deeply impressed, mediastinal vein sending several l)i’anelies to the margin, costals numerous. Wings dark castaneous, ulnar vein with nine branches. Abdomen entirely black, except apical halt* of subgenital lamina, which is flavo-testaceous ; supra-anal lamina triangular, produced ; subgenital lamina ample, its lateral margins shortly produced ; cerci black (mutilated). Legs black ; front femora unarmed, mid femora with four spines on posterior margin, none on anterior margin ; hind femora with two spines on posterior margin, none on anterior margin ; genicular spines on second and third femora; formula of apical spines f , -}-, 1.
Total length 26’8 mm.; length of body 17 mra. ; length of tegmina 23'8 mm. ; pronotum 6 mm. X 8’5 mm.
Yarimaguas, Peru [Salle, 1886) ; one example (Paris Museum).
This species, that described below, and N. crassicornis, Burm., should probably be included in a new genus, charac- terized by the incrassated antenuje, shape of the pronotum, and sparse armature of the femora.
Nyctibora nigrocincta, sp. n.
^ . Head entirely black ; antennae black, except apical joint, which is castaneous, incrassated, pubescent. Pronotum as in the preceding species, but with the lateral and posterior margins slightly reflected and with a very scanty recumbent pubescence, yellow, with a shield-shaped black mark on the disk. Tegmina long, coriaceous at base and reticulate, not pubescent ; four branches to the mediastinal vein, costals numerous ; colour yellow, radial vein at base, a broad streak on sutural margin of anal field, a broad band from near the costal margin to the sutural margin in the apical third, black; apex castaneous. Wings fusco-castaneous ; a broad pre-apical yellow band ; costals irregular, six branches to the ulnar vein. Abdomen black above and below; supra-anal lamina tri- angular ; subgenital lamina produced, very convex, with two styles ; cerci black. Legs black ; front femora with no spines beneath ; mid femora with three to four spines on posterior margin, none on anterior margin ; hind femora with five spines on posterior margin, none on anterior margin ; geni- cular spines on the mid and hind femora ; formula of apical spines f
$ . Similar to S ) but rather larger, the black band ex- tending right across the tegmina, castaneous apex of tegmina more extended, subgenital lamina as in N. bicolor, mihi.
?>H
IMr. Iv. Slid ford on some
S. Total Icngtli 24 rum.; Icngjtli of body 17‘5 mm.; Icii^’tli of tej^mina 20 mm. ; pronotum 4’2 mm. X 6 mm.
? . Total lenjijtli 27 mm. ; length of body 20*2 mm. ; length of tegmina 21 mm. ; pronotum 5 mm. x 8 mm.
Colombia ; four examples (Oxford Museum).
Subfam. Etilamfrinm.
Genus Notolampra, Sauss.
Notolmnpra antillarum, sp. n.
cf . Castaneous. Head and antennae testaeeous, the former with a few seattered castaneous punetures. Pro- notum not punctate^ castaneous, the lateral borders broadly, the anterior margin narrowly, testaceous, semiopaque, with a few scattered fuscous or castaneous dots. Tegmina castaneous, the lateral borders testaceous, semiopaque with scattered castaneous dots, these borders are continuous with the pronotal testaceous borders and are broadest at the base, narrowing to the apex ; radial vein marked at its base by a dark line, no other veins visible ; surface of tegmina serio- punctate. Wings rufo-testaceous ; intercalated apical tri- angle small. Abdomen rufo-testaceous ; supra-anal lamina triangular, slightly notched ; subgenital lamina trigonal, somewhat asymmetrical with two styles; cerci short. Legs testaceous spotted with castaneous ; front femora with two spines only at base of anterior margin beneath, rest of anterior margin occupied by piliform setae, one spine on posterior margin ; mid and hind femora with two spines on anterior margin, four on posterior margin; formula of apical spines o ’ genicular spine on front femora.
Total length 19 mm. ; length of tegmina 14 mm. ; pro- notum 6 mm. X 7*5 mm.
Trinite, Martinique [A. Bourgouin, 1901) ; one example (Paris Museum).
The species is most closely allied to Notolampra punctata, Sauss., from Brazil, but differs in the testaceous borders of the tegmina and in its proportions.
Genus Apsidopis, Sauss.
Apsidopis Waltacei, sp. n.
$ . Pale testaceous. Frons concave and transversely striated ; a chevron-shaped depression at base of clypeus and two marks between the eyes castaneous ; antemue fuscous
new Species of Blaf lid^e. oO
except basal joint ; eyes 1 J mm. a[)art. Pronotum cuoiillate, of the form characteiistic of the gcnus^ punctate and with nnmcrons minute fuscous or castancous rnaculte. Tej^rnina semicoriaceous, densely serio-punctate between the veins in the basal two thirds, in the apical third the punctures merge into quadrangular interspaces between numerous reticulated interstitial veins, a few minute fuscous dots are scattered over the tegmina ; mediastinal vein with ten branches; seven ramose costal veins ; nine anal veins, the first ramose. Wings angulated at the apex as in the genus Derocar'dia, Sauss. ; marginal area testaceous with fuscous spotting at apex, the apex semicoriaceous; mediastinal vein multiran)ose ; costal veins irregular, the interspaces filled by reticulated interstitial veins ; ulnar vein with nineteen branches. Supra-anal lamina ample, prominent, bilobed ; subgenital lamina semiorbicular ; cerci slender and short. Front femora with five spines on middle of anterior margin beneath, piliforrn* setse extending from them to apex, two spines on posterior margin; mid and hind femora with three to four spines on each lower margin; formula of apical spines {, J; minute genicular spines on mid and hind femora, none on front femora ; posterior metatarsus shorter than remaining joints, its pulvillus produced proximally.
Length of body 30 mm. ; length of tegmina 35 mm. ; pro- notum 11 mm. X 12*5 mm.
Sarawak (Wallace; Wilson Saunders collection, Oxford Museum) .
The species is close to A. oocyptera, Wlk., also from Borneo, which exhibits the same characters of punctuation of the tegmina; but A. oxyptera is smaller, more rufous in colour, the proportions of the pronotum are different and the pro- notum is less closely punctate, but more densely covered with castaneous dots. Both species can be distinguished from A. acutipenniSj Sauss., by their larger size.
Subfam. Blattin^.
Genus Blatta, L.
Blatta Rothschildi, sp. n,
S . Rufo-castaneous. Head with four darker markings between the eyes; ocelli and clypeus testaceous; antennae much longer than the body, first two joints and apical third rufo-castaneous, remainder fuscous. Pronotum trapezoidal ; anterior and posterior borders truncate, flavo-testaceous, a
40
^Ir. K. Sliclford on some
castaiicous marking like an inverted W on the disk, a central testaceous line. Tcgrnina abbreviated, not extending much beyond the second abdominal tergite, surface reticulate, anal vein reaching internal posterior angle of tegmina. Wings rudimentary. The first and second abdominal tergites flavo- testaeeous, third to fifth flavo-testaceous with castaneous lateral and posterior borders; sixth rufo-castaneous, enlarged; seventh flavo-testaceous with central castaneous macula, narrow, posterior margin sinuate and slightly emarginate in the middle; supra-anal lamina quadrate, broadly emarginate, rufo-castaneous with a testaceous macula at the postero- lateral angles. Cerci black, apices rufo-castaneous. Abdo- men beneath rufo-castaneous, lateral margins castaneous and a castaneous stigma on second to fourth sternites ; sub- genital lamina notched on each side, the long slender styles springing from the notches. Legs rufo-castaneous. Meta- tarsus scarcely equal to remaining joints, spined beneath, its pulvillus minute.
$ . Head black ; ocelli, clypeus, gense, vertex flavo- testaceous ; antennse rufo-castaneous. Pronotum as in ^ , but the discal black marking much enlarged, so that it occupies all the disk, leaving only a narrow sinuate flavo- testaceous margin, no central testaceous line. Tegmina squamiform, not extending beyond metanotum, black, with a yellow line at base ; mesonotum, metanotum, and first five abdominal tergites black, with a broad central transverse flavo-testaceous band; sixth tergite enlarged, concavely depressed, black with flavo-testaceous lateral and posterior margins ; seventh tergite somewhat triangularly produced, black, apex slightly emarginate, flavo-testaceous ; supra-anal lamina produced, narrower than in ^ , broadly emarginate. Abdomen beneath and legs black, disk of abdomen rufo- castaneous ; COX86 margined outwardly with flavo-testaceous, tibial spines and tarsi castaneous.
S . Total length 21 mm. ; length of tegmina 10 mm. ; pronotum 5*8 mm. x 7*2 mm.
$ . Total length 26 mm. ; length of tegmina 4 mm. ; pronotum 8 mm. x 10 mm.
South of Lake Rudolph, Brit. E. Africa {Maurice de Rothschild, 1905) ; five examples (Paris Museum).
The nearest ally of the species appears to be J3. nianca, Gerst., from W. Africa.
neAO Species of Blattlilac.
41
Subfam. Oxyhaloin.e.
Genus Oxyhaloa, Br.
Oxylialoa variabilis, sp. n.
? . Rufo-castaneous. Vertex of head rufo-castaneous, a clear testaceous band between the antennae, genae testaceous ; frons, clypeus, labrum, palpi, and antennae shining black. Pronotum with two oblique impressions anteriorly, with a few minute punctures from which spring short slender hairs. Tegmina with the veins fuscous, sparsely pubescent, very variable in length, in some examples reaching tip of abdomen, in others lanceolate and extending no further than the third tergite ; thirteen costals ; discoidal field reticulate. Wings as variable in length as the tegmina, flavid at base, the rest infuscated; veins fuscous, ulnar vein with eight to nine rami, the basal ones transverse. Abdomen broad, black above, the margins of the segments narrowly rufous, beneath rufo- castaneous ; supra-anal lamina short wdth rounded posterior angles, not emarginate ; subgenital plate projecting beyond the supra-anal lamina, fuscous, ample, its margin sinuated ; cerci short, fuscous, tipped with rufous. Legs black, apices of coxas and femora rufous, tibial spines rufous.
Total length from 16 mm. to 13*5 mm. ; length of body from 16 mm. to i2'5 mm. ; length of tegmina from 11 mm. to 8 mm. ; breadth of pronotum from 6*2 mm. to 5 mm. ; length of pronotum from 4*5 to 4 mm.
Interior of Djibouti (Hermann) ; one example (Paris Museum).
This is the smallest species of the genus, and is remarkable on account of the variation in size of the wings and tegmina ; apparently this variation bears no relation to the variation in size of the individual, for one of the smallest specimens has long tegmina and one of the largest has these organs much reduced.
Genus Paraplecta, nom. nov.
(= Cii'phisy StSl.)
The name Cirphis, created by Stal in 1876 (ffifv. Vet.- Akad. Forh. xxxiii. p. 74) for a cockroach (C. pallipes) from Damara Land, is preoccupied, having been applied by VValker in 1865 to a genus of Noctuid moths.
42
Mr. R. Slielford on some
Paraplecta adhiopica, sp. n.
. Castancous, smooth, riitid ; vertex of head not covered by pronotnm ; ocelli, apex of clypeus, mouth-parts, and antennae testaceous ; minutely punctured. Pronotum trape- zoidal, with rounded posterior angles, minutely punctured; ])Ostcrior margin truncate, exposing the scutellum Tegmina scmicoriaccous, barely reaching apex of abdomen ; eleven or twelve costals ; discoidal field reticulate, anal vein impressed ; eight axillaries. Wings with a large apical reflected area, two fifths of total wing-length, its basal margin obtusely angled; costals highly irregular and obsolescent ; median vein consisting of two parallel branches, with one or two trans- verse venulse connecting them; ulnar vein with seven branches. Abdomen castaneous above, supra-anal lamina produced ; abdomen rufo-castaneous below, subgenital lamina asym- metrical with one style (the left) ; cerci short, acuminate, 4-jointed. Legs testaceous ; femora spineless, tarsal claws without arolia.
$ . Similar to cT , hut larger, tegmina and wings (when folded) not extending beyond the sixth abdominal tergite ; supra-anal lamina produced quadrately; subgenital lamina ample, produced, narrowed posteriorly.
^ . Total length 9 mm. ; length of tegmina 8 mm. ; pro- notum 3 mm. X 3*2 mm.
$ . Total length 11 mm. ; length of tegmina 7 mm.; pro- notum 3*5 mm. x 3*8 mm.
Fernando Po (L. Conradt, 1901) ; six examples (Paris Museum).
The species can readily be distinguished from P. pallipes, Stal, by the wing-structure : in StaFs species there is a con- spicuous triangular apical area which in P. (Ethiopica has become extended to form an apical reflected area ; the venation is very similar in both species, but in pallipes the costals are better marked and the rami of the ulnar vein are more numerous, the double median vein is common to both species.
Genus Choristima, Tepper.
Choristhna, Tepper, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austral, xix. p. 165 (1895).
AphlehideAi, Brancsik, Jahresh. Ver. Trencsin. Com. xix. Si xx. p. 56 (1897).
Kirby in his ^ Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera ^ (1904), following Brancsik, places Aphlebidea in the Ectobinse ; but as the femora are unarmed beneath and a triangular apical field is present in the wings, the genus falls naturally into tlic
43
new Species 0/ Blatlidaj.
subfamily Oxylialoiii8c( = Plcctopterinse). Aphlebidea is un- doubtedly the same as Tepper’s genus Choristima^ described two years previously, and A. Bnmneri, Brancs., if not identical with Choristinia palerucoides, Wlk., is most closely allied. Blatta- apicifera, Wlk. (Cat. 151att. B. M. p. 110, 1868), is the male of C. galerucoides, Wlk. : the type, which is in the British Museum, is in extremely poor condition, the abdomen and antennae being missing; it is smaller than the female, the tegmina and wings are relatively longer and would, 1 imagine, extend beyond the tip of the abdomen. Tepper^s diagnosis of the genus is extremely brief, but Brancsik^s description of Aphlebidea is detailed enough to render it readily recognizable. The species included in the genus may be distinguished as follows : —
a. Subgenital lamina in 5 somewhat cucullate.
h. Rufous C. B runner i, Brancs.
hh. Testaceous C. Kershatoi, Tepp.
aa. Subgenital lamina in $ not cucullate.
h. Piceous above C. hydrophoroides, Wlk.
bh. Rufous C. galerucoides, Wlk.
(syn. C. hftyemis, Tepp. ; C. apicifera, Wlk.).
Chorisoneura pectinata, Sauss. (Mel. Orthopter. iv. p. 131, 1872), may be referred to a new genus, on account of the fusion of the radial and ulnar veins of the tegmina— a con- dition which obtains also in Ectobia, Westw., but not in the genera Chorisonew'a, Br., or Choristima, Tepp., to which it is most nearly allied.
Genus Ectoneura, nov.
Allied to Choristima, Tepper, but the radial and uliiar veins of tegmina fused and emitting oblique veins to both margins. Tegmina and wings somewhat reduced in the female, but not to so great an extent as in Choristima ; triangular apical area large and conspicuous. Supra-anal lamina transverse or slightly produced; subgenital lamina of the male narrow, triangular, of the female large and subquadrate. Femora spineless beneath, except for apical spines, the formula of which is -J, j, } .
Type, jE. pectinata, Sauss.
Ectoneura figurata, sp. n.
. Head fusco-castaneous with a pale testaceous band
44
jMr. R. Slielford on some
l)etwcen the eyes ; antennae testaceous. Prothorax trans- versely elliptical, margins hyaline; disk fusco-castaneous with the centre testaceous, on which ai*e some fuscous markings. Tegmina hyaline with pale fuscous spots along the veins; twelve costal veins, nine discoidal rami. Wings hyaline, veins fusccscent ; nine costal veins ; medio-discai area twice as broad as medio-ulnar, crossed by several irregular trans- verse bars ; nlnar vein simple ; first axillary vein biramose, upper branch irregularly bifurcate. Abdomen fuscous, with testaceous markings; cerci long, fuscous, with a broad testaceous band. Legs testaceous.
Total length 8 mm. ; length of tegmina 6"5 mm.
Five males without locality (Oxford Museum).
It is possible that this is the Blatta marcida of Erichson, a species placed by Brunner with some doubt in the genus Ectobia, Westw.
Genus Chorisoneura, Br.
Cliorisoneura Brunneri, sp. n.
$ . Head fuscous, vertex rufo-castaneous ; antennse fuscous at base, the remainder testaceous. Prothorax transversely elliptic, disk fuscous, margins hyaline. Tegmina castaneous with hyaline costal margin and with fuscous humeral vitta, veins white ; sixteen costal veins, very irregular; median vein distinct, longitudinal, discoidal vein with four irregular branches ; the whole surface of the tegmina is much re- ticulated, and the veins are rather obscured thereby ; the part of the right tegmen covered by the left is infuscated. Wings fuscous, the edge of the marginal field yellowish ; eleven costal veins, their ends swollen, joined by transverse bars ; medio-discai field crossed by several transverse bars ; ulnar vein arcuate, simple; apical triangle unevenly divided, its base acutely angled, its apex subtruncate. Abdomen fulvous, legs testaceous. Cerci long, testaceous.
Total length 8'5 mm. ; length of tegmina 7‘5 mm.
Rio Grande do Sul. Two examples labelled in Brunner V. WattenwyPs band writing Chorisoneura, sp. n.'’^ (Oxford Museum) .
The species appears to be distinct from anything described ; perhaps it shows most affinity with C. anomala, Sauss. & Zehnt.
Chorisoneura morosa, sp. n.
. Head rufo-fuscous, with a pale narrow transverse line between the eyes ; antennsc (mutilated) testaceous ;
45
new Species o/Blattida3.
pronotum with the disk fuscous, marj^ins hyaline. Tegmina pale fulvous, surface not reticulated, veins prominent and white, a fuscous humeral vitta ; twelve costal veins, the last two biramose; the humeral vein also giving off four rami to the sutural margin, the discoidal vein giving off only three; ulnar vein triramose. Wings infuscated, edge of marginal field yellow ; fourteen costal veins, medio-discal field crossed by numerous transverse bars ; ulnar vein forked at apex, axillary vein triramose; apical area unequally divided, acutely angled at base, its apex subtruncate. Body and legs testaceous beneath.
Total length 9 mm. ; length of tegmina 7 mm.
Cachabi, Ecuador (W. F. H. Rosenberg coll., Dec. 1896) ; one example (Oxford Museum).
The species is evidently allied to C. traiislucida, Sauss., from Mexico.
Subfam. Panchloein^.
Genus Zetobora, Burm.
Zetobora lata, sp. n.
^ . Head black ; labrum golden ; antennse at base black, nitid, the rest fuscous, villose. Pronotum with anterior margin strongly rounded in the middle, less so laterally, the margin slightly reflected, the posterior margin only slightly curved, the postero-lateral angles slightly notched ; disk with a humeral carina on each side, the ‘Miood'’-’ with a few tubercles, nitid, the sides with numerous tubercles of various sizes, a few granules on the front ; castaneous except for a testaceous hyaline patch, semicircular in shape, in front ; scutellum with central carina and a few punctures. Tegmina broad, scarcely exceeding the abdomen in length, testaceo- hyaline, anal field and humeral vein castaneous ; marginal field very broad, its outer border slightly thickened and margined ; mediastinal area with large shallow punctures ; anal field reticulate-punctate ; discoidal field reticulate ; apex broadly rounded. Supra-anal lamina quadrate, notched ; subgenital lamina produced, rather asymmetrical, with one style (the right). Abdomen castaneous ; the dorsal tergites with their posterior angles strongly produced backwards and projecting considerably beyond the sternites, very much as in the genus Capucina, Sauss.
46
Mr. 11. Sbelford on some
Total Icnj^th 22 mm. ; length of tegmina 25 mm. ; breadth of tegmeri 13 mm. ; pronoturn 10 mm. x 16*2 mm.
The species is characterized by its great breadth in pro- portion to its length ; the notched postero-lateral angles of the pronoturn are also distinctive.
Subfam. Corybinm.
Genus Euthyrrapha.
Euthyrrapha bigeminata, sp. n.
$ . Very similar to E. pacifica^ Coq., but the pronoturn entirely fuscous, a round pale testaceous spot on eaeh tegmen beyond the middle ; the abdomen beneath is orange with the apex fuscous. The tegmina at base are slightly rugose, minutely punctate, and furnished with an erect pubescence ; the apex of the tegmina appears velvety. Legs fuscous, coxal joints and tibial spines castaneous. Subgenital lamina strongly carinate.
Total length 7’5 mm. ; length of body 5 mm. ; length of tegmina 6 mm.
Ivory Coast, W. Africa (G. ThoirSj 1901) ; one example (Paris Museum).
Subfam. Ferisprmrinjj:.
Genus Paranauphceta, Br.
Paranaupheeta Brunneri, sp. n.
$ . Closely allied to P. rufipes, Haan, but smaller. Head with three maculae on the vertex ; the ocelli, genae, clypeus, and basal joints of the palpi testaceous; apical joints of antennse not testaceous. Pronoturn with the testaceous margins much narrower than in P. rufipes. Tegmina and wings as in P. rufipes. Abdomen above less strongly marked with testaceous ; subgenital lamina ample, produced, emar- ginate. Coxae testaceous, castaneous at base ; femora testaceous at base, remainder castaneous ; tibiae and tarsi
r uf o-castaneous .
Total length 20 mm.; length of body 18 mm. ; length of tegmina 17T mm.
Kuehing, Sarawak [Shelford, 1900) ; one example (Oxford Museum).
47
nen) Sj.ecics of l>lattida3.
Genus Eustegasta_, Gerst.
Eusiegasta agrilidina, sp. n.
^ . Black, nitid, with dark green metallic reflections. Head entirely of this colour except the labrum, which is testaceous ; antennje with five basal joints, black, nitid, remainder fuscous. Prouotum of typical form, broadly bordered laterally with orange. Tegmina with an orange spot at base of discoidal area, another in apical third of marginal area. Abdomen above fuscous, broadly margined with orange, beneath orange; supra-anal lamina short, trigonal, fuscous ; subgenital lamina small, asymmetrical, without styles, black ; cerci pale testaceous. Front legs orange ; mid and hind coxae black, outwardly bordered with white, femora and tibiae orange, all the tarsi fuscous; front femora with two spines on anterior margin beneath ; mid femora with one spine on anterior margin, none on posterior margin ; hind femora with one spine on anterior margin, three on posterior margin ; formula of apical spines -J, 1 ;
no genicular spine on front femora.
Total length 1.2-5 mm.; length of body 10 mm.; length of tegmina 10*1 mm.
N'^Kogo, Freueh Congo {H. Bonnet, 1903) ; one example (Paris Museum).
The nearest ally of the species is E. metallica, Sauss.
Eustegasta variegata, sp. n.
(f . Head testaceous ; occiput, a cordate patch on the frons, the genae, two spots on the clypeus, and the palpi cas- taneous or black ; antennae black, the six basal joints nitid. Prouotum testaceous, the disk rufo-castaneous, with two black longitudinal vittae of irregular shape. Tegmina rufo- castaneous ; mediastinal area and two thirds of marginal area clear testaceous, the stripe at its termination expanding into a spot that extends on to the outer part of discoidal field ; a humeral stripe ; the anal vein and a longitudinal stripe in the anal field black, faint indications of a testaceous spot at base of discoidal field. Wings flavo-hyaline ; median vein bifurcate ; ulnar vein with ten rami, four of which reach the apex of the wing. Abdomen orange above and beneath ; supra-anal lamina quadrate, posterior angles acute, not emarginate ; subgenital lamina asymmetrical, with one style, the right ; cerci orange. Coxse black, outwardly bordered with testaceous; front femora castaneous, the other femora
48 ^Ir. H. Slielford on some new Species o/Blattida3.
and all tlie tibia3 davo-testaceous; tibial spines rufo-castaneous^ a[)ical joints of tarsi fuscous ; femoral spines as in preceding species, except that the mid femora have no spines beneath.
Total length 13'8 mm. ; length of body 10 mm. ; length of tegmina 10*8 mm.
Congo [Dyhowski, 189G) ; two examples (Paris Museum). Nearest to E. Lueci, Dom.
Genus Ellipsica, Sauss. & Zehnt.
Ellipsica rugosa^ sp. n.
$ . Blacky narrowly elliptical^ convex. Head punctate; clypeus_, mouth-parts, and antennse flavo-testaceous. Sides of the thoracic tergites strongly deflexed, their posterior angles acute and produced backwards, their surface beset with tubercles, between which are numerous punctures ; on the meso- and metanotum the tubercles are in a double row, on the pronotum they are less regularly placed. Abdominal tergites transversely divided by a sulcus into two unequal portions ; the anterior narrow portion is im punctate and smooth, the posterior portion is marked by a double row of punctures followed by a double row of tubercles ; the transverse sulci are laterally very deep, especially in the posterior segments, and one row of punctures lies in these sulci; on the seventh tergite the tubercles are larger and less regularly arranged than in the preceding segments. Supra-anal lamina quadrate, margined, tuberculate. Abdo- minal sternites transversely divided by sulci like the tergites, punctate but not tuberculate; subgenital lamina ample, punctate. Legs black, tarsi flavo-testaceous, arolia large.
Total length 15 mm. ; pronotum 5 mm. x 7 mm.
West coast of Madagascar {Lantz, 1882) ; two examples (Paris Museum).
The species is quite unlike any other of the genus in its tuberculate characters.
Genus Pseudoglomeris, Br.
Pseudoglomeris magnifica, sp. n.
$ . Brilliant metallic green or blue-green. Head punc- tate ; eyes 1 mm. apart ; base of antennse and palpi flavid, apical half of antennse fuscous, middle section castaneous. Pronotum semiorbicular, posterior angles back- wardly produced ; anterior border margined and slightly
Colonel C. Swinhoe on new Ihterocera.
49
reflected, densely punctate ; anteriorly the punctures are irregular, producing a I'eticulate appearance; a few irregular smooth spaces on all the thoracic tergites ; thorax bcneatli black, shining. Abdomen with large shallow punctures above; lateral margins of fifth and sixth segments slightly sinuate, four or five punctures in the sulci of third to sixth segments ; supra-anal lamina quadrate, slightly concave, angles rounded ; abdomen beneath mrieous, densely punctate, lateral smooth stigmata on each segment ; subgenital lamina ample, sinuate, striato-punctate. Cerci rufous. Coxce, apices of femora, tibiae, and tarsi rufo-testaceous ; femora castaneous.
Total length 23 mm. ; pronotum 7‘8 mm. x 14 mm.
Tuyen-Quan, Central Tonkin (A, Weiss, 1901) ; a long series of specimens in all stages of growth (Paris Museum).
This is one of the most brilliantly-coloured cockroaches known to science ; its colour is reminiscent of the gorgeous metallic-green Cetoniid beetles of the Eastern Tropics.
111. — New Eastern, Australian, and African TIeterocera. By Colonel C. Swinhoe, M.A., F.L.S., &c.
Family Bombycida.
Andraca apodecta^ nov.
3" ? . Of a uniform ochreous-fawn colour, the male slightly suffused with brownish and darker than the females ; shafts of the antennm dark brown above, white at the sides, pectina- tions of the male brown ; some whitish suffusion along the outer portions of the costa in the male, not present in the females : fore wings with three transverse indistinct grey lines or thin bands — antemedial, medial, and discal, the two former sinuous, the latter deeply angled outwardly below the costa : hind wings with two medial lines and with the ground- colour of the wings paling towards the costa : the hairs on the abdominal margin dark brown, this margin curved inwards but without any excision. Underside paler, lines as above.
Expanse of wings, ^ inches.
Patiang, W. Sumatra ; one male, two females.
The fore wings are not so produced as in the type species of the genus, bipunctata. Walker, from India, and it is without the excision of the abdominal margin of the hind wing as in that species, but it has every other character of the genus.
Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 4
50
Colonel C. Swinhoe on new Easiern^
Family Aganiidae.
Asota pTiilippinensiSj nov.
(3'. Palpi black, first and second joints with white stripes; frons white, with a black central spot ; head and body deep chrome-yellow ; a black spot at the base of each antenna; a black and white collar, a black thin band behind it; a black spot on each shoulder, another on the thorax near the base of the abdomen, a black stripe on the thorax at the base of the fore wings, black dorsal spots on the first five segments of the abdomen, and a double row on each segment below : fore wings dark purplish grey, as in A. paphos^ with a deep chrome-yellow subbasal patch, which does not touch the costa, which is there black intersected by white, making four square marks ; the immediate base is white, with a black spot, followed by another on the inner edge of the chrome patch ; an elongated spot on the lower side of the patch, an angled spot on the middle of the outer side and a round spot above it ; veins whitish, most prominently on the outer portions of the wing : hind wdngs black, whitish above the cell ; some whitish longitudinal short streaks in the disk ; a long streak in the abdominal marginal space and an outwardly recurved w hitish discal line or thin band, which ends near the extremity of the long streak. On the underside the wings are slaty grey for two thirds, slaty black with whitish veins on the outer third ; a large patch or spot at the end of each cell ; a small spot near the base on the fore wings and one in the middle of the cell on the hind wings; the veins are marked with slaty black on both wings ; the discal recurved band is clear on the hind wings, and indications of a some- what similar band on the fore wings; cilia white above and below.
Expanse of wings 2/^ inches.
Cagayancillo, Philippines, Jan. 6, 1903 (type in B. M.).
A handsome insect, belonging to the papkos group.
Digama costimacula^ nov.
. Antennae simple ; palpi white, with black spots at the tips of each joint ; frons, head, thorax, and fore wings dark slaty grey, frons and head with white and black spots at the sides ; abdomen pale dull pink, with dorsal grey dots : fore wings with three prominent subcostal white spots very close to the costal line, the spots more or less square, the middle one the largest, the first smooth, one fifth from the base, the last at one fourth from the apex : hind wings yellow, w’ith
51
Australian^ and African Fleterocera.
blackish-brown outer marginal border, terminating abruptly one third from the anal angle. Underside : body and wings yellow ; fore wings with a black cell-spot ; the outer third of the wing dark slaty grey, the middle portion of its innor margin extending- in an angle into the wing.
Expanse of wings inch.
Gold Coast (IK. H, Johnston) (type in B. M.).
Belongs to the Hearseyana group.
Digama lithosioides^ nov.
^ . Palpi white, with black bands at the ends of the last two joints ; antennae simple ; frons and head white, two black spots in front of the antsnnse, one between them, two on the collar; thorax and fore wings dull ochreous grey, veins grey and rather prominent ; hind wings and abdomen dark ochreous ; the wings are rather longer than usual, and the example looks like a Lithosid ; there are no markings above or below, except a small black dot at the end of cell of the fore wings below.
Expanse of wings 2 inches.
One male, Hills of Terta, Kilimanjaro, E. Africa (type in B. M.).
Digama meridionalis^ nov.
^ . Antennse ciliated ; palpi grey, with blackish bands at the ends of the last two joints ; head, thorax, and fore wing^ dark grey, much as in the common Indian form Hearseyana^ Moore; two black spots in front of the antennae, one imme- diately behind, two on the collar, and two on the thorax in front : fore wings with black spots on the costa, three inside the cell, one at the base, and two beyond it below' the cell; discal and medial transverse, brown, erect bands below the cell and an outw^ardly curved, very highly dentated, discal, brown band and similar but smaller dentations on the outer margin ; abdomen and hind wings yellow, the latter without markings ; the abdomen is more ochreous and darker in colour than the hind wings and has black dorsal spots : the wings are long ; fore wdng narrow, with the hinder margin curved outw’ards before the middle. The underside is uniform pale yellow ; wings without markings, except a black dot at the end of the cell of the fore wings ; abdomen with lateral black spots.
Expanse of wings inch.
Johannesburg [A, T. Cooke) ; one male.
4^
52
Colonel C. Svvinlioe on new Eastern^
Digama africana^ nov.
$ . Antennai of male bipectinate ; palpi grey, with black bands at the tips of the last two joints ; frons and head white, thorax greyish white ; two black dots on the collar, four in a transverse row on the fore part of the thorax ; abdomen ochreous, with dorsal black segmental dots : fore wings dark ochreous grey, with a purplish tinge, one fifth at base white, divided by a grey transverse line, containing a black spot in the cell and one near hinder angle ; a white medial band, consisting of a large white square patch containing a black spot on the costa and a much smaller patch on the hinder angle ; another white patch on the costa at two thirds, with a tliin white band running down from it to the hinder angle, angled outwards in its middle, with a curious incomplete white circular mark near the inner side of the angle.
The above is a description of a female from Tonga ; the otlier female and the male from Samburu have all the white bands more or less traceable, but very obscure from greyish suffusion ; the hind wdngs are dark ochreous yellow, with a narrow band at the apex, not continued on the costa or outer margin. On the underside all three examples are identical, being entirely yellow, the fore wings having some traces of the upperside markings and the costal spot rather prominent.
Expanse of wings, ^ inch.
Samburu, British East Africa {Betton) ; one male. Tonga, British East Africa ; two females. Types in B. M.
Digama elongata^ nov.
^ . Antennae with the shafts white, pectinations black ; palpi black, white beneath ; frons, head, body, and wings white; frons with a large black spot, a small one on the top of the head, three on the thorax down the middle, and three on each side ; abdomen with a dorsal row : fore wings with pale blackish broad bands, first basal, for one fifth with a white mark at the base, its outer margin with an outward dentation above the middle and extends in a streak along the hinder margin, joined on the costa to the second band, which has irregular margins on each side and runs obliquely from the middle of the costa to the liinder margin one third from the angle ; the third band is discal and runs down only a short distance from the costa, and narrows down to two little spots; the fourth band is composed of elongated spots on the
Australian^ and African ITeterocera. 53
outer margiti : liiiul wings dull white, with a rather broad, grey, marginal band.
Expanse of wings ineh.
Eb Urm, British East Africa (Betto?i) (type in B. M.).
The fore wing*s longer than usual in the genus.
Family Acontiidae.
Eublemma acarodes^ nov.
. Palpi, frons, head, and fore part of the thorax pure white, rest of the thorax, abdomen, and wings pale greyish, veins on both wings darker grey : fore wings with the costal line dark grey ; a very broad, dark pink, oblique band, occu- pying more than half the outer portion of the wing, its inner margin dark grey and well defined, its outer margin sufi’used w ith the dark grey colour of the outer margin of the wing : hind wings without markings. Underside : body, legs, and wdngs white : fore wings suffused with grey except for a broad subcostal ochreous streak from the base for more than half the length of the wing.
Expanse of wings yV inch.
Bihd, W. Africa ; one example.
Somewhat resembling E. derogata^ Walker, from India.
Tar ache amydray nov.
. Palpi white, with grey bands on the last two joints; head, body, and fore wings dark iron-grey ; frons white, with two grey spots ; abdomen with white segmental lines : fore wdngs with the orbicular and reniform w^hitish, the former containing one, the latter two dark grey spots ; the entire wing picked out with many whitish marks, transverse, sinuous, ante- and postmedial, and submarginal lines, and some whitish dots on the costa : hind wings uniform greyish white ; cilia of both wings grey, with a whitish interline. Underside : fore wings uniform pale grey, with some blackish and ochreous spots on the outer half of the costa ; hind wings pale, with a discal curved grey line ; body and legs whitish, the latter with blackish bands.
Expanse of wings y^y inch.
Bihe, W. Africa ; one example.
Tarache apateliay nov.
? . White, palpi wdth last joints black ; the frons projec- tion with two black spots touching each other; thorax with
54
Colonel C. Svv inhoe on new Eastern,
black spots ; abdomen suffused with grey, with black seg- mental bands : fore wings almost entirely covered with dis- located blackish bands, subbasal, ante- and postmedial, and marginal, the last the broadest, only extending two thirds upwards, with a black spot on the costa : hind wings white, with grey marginal borders and a grey dot at the end of the cell. Underside paler, slightly ochreous tinged, markings showing through : hind wings with an additional large grey spot on the costa beyond the middle : body white; legs wiiite, with grey bands.
Expanse of wings 1 inch.
Bihd, W. Africa ; one example.
There are several unnamed examples from British East Africa in the B. M. Trifid Draw’er 195 which are identical w'ith my specimen.
Family Pyraustidae.
Isocentris char oj) alls, nov.
d* Above clear ochreous-yellow ; palpi dark brown at the base : fore wings with a black subcostal spot near the base ; transverse lines browm, antemedial nearly erect, medial descending to the hinder margin from a lunular line at the end of the cell, and postmedial from costa to vein 2; a sub- marginal line, follow’ed by a silvery line, and a marginal chocolate thin band, all close together ; cilia wliite, thickly interlined with chocolate-brown: hind wdngs with a discal 'line, curving deeply inwards at vein 4, the marginal marks as in the fore wings. Underside : pectus and body white ; legs yellow above, white beneath ; tarsi with blackish-brown bands ; wings pale yellowish ; fore wings with some of the interior lines visible ; hind wings without markings.
Expanse of wings inch.
Queensland j one example.
Blepharomastix liedycliroalis, nov.
Bright ochreous yellow, transverse lines brown: fore wings with a short line on the lower half very near the base; an antemedial, outwardly curved, even line ; a lunular line at the end of the cell ; a somewhat irregular and crenuhited discal line, which bends outwards below the costa, then curves deeply inwards to the lower end of the cell, then again bends outwards near the hinder margin, to which it then runs down straight ; a row of brown points near outer margin : hind
55
Australian^ and African Heterocera,
wings whitish in the cell and costal space, with a discal, irregular, recurved line; cilia of both wings yellow. Under- side paler than above ; fore tarsi with narrow blackish-brown bands.
Expanse of wings inch.
Port Blair, Andaman Islands; one example.
Calamochrous homochroalisj nov.
$ . Pale greyish ochreous ; upper side of palpi, frons, and top of head chocolate-brown ; lines brown, tliin and crenu- lated : fore wings with an antemedial line, not reaching the costa ; a lunular line at the end of the cell ; a discal line fairly erect from costa to vein 2, where it bends inwards and then downwards to the hinder margin : hind wings with a discal recurved line. Underside with the face and body white; legs and wings pale whitish yellow, without markings.
Expanse of wings inch.
Port Blair, Andaman Islands ; one example.
Nacoleia dairalis,
Botys dairalis, Walker, xviii. 698 (1859).
Nacoleia dairalis, Hmpsn. P. Z. S. 1898, p. 697.
Merotoma dairalis, Swinhoe, Cat. Het. Mas. Oxon. ii. p. 483 (1900).
Saraw’ak, Borneo.
Type (female), Sarawak, in B. M., and four others (all females) from the same locality. I have received a pair lately from Sarawak the male of which has bipectinate an- tennse and has not the characters ascribed to the genus Merotoma, Meyrick ; it will come into a fresh section of Hampson’s genus Nacoleia,
Merotoma Merjriclci, nom. nov.
Merotoma dairalis, Meyrick (nec Walker), Trans. Ent. Soc. 1894, p. 460.
Pulo Laut, Celebes.
A pair received from Mr. Meyrick from Pulo Laut are in the B. M. with dairalis, Walker.
Pyrausta plinthinalis, nov.
^ . Pale primrose-yellow ; palpi above,, frons, head, and thorax dark yellowish brown; palpi below w'hite; abdomen
5G
Major T. Broun on new
w'hlte, witli a brown dorsal stripe : fore wings with the costa broadly suffused with ochreous brown, the basal portion of the suffusion very dark ; a prominent, almost square, blackish- brown spot fills the end of the cell ; lines thin, pale, ante- and postmedial, the latter with an outward curve in the middle; an outward marginal liim, much thickened and dark brown towards the apex; cilia dark greyish ochreous : hind wings nearly white ; a brown spot at the end of the cell ; a discal line with an outward bend in its middle, and an outer marginal line as in the fore wings ; cilia white. Underside white; fore wings with a brown dot in the middle of the cell, the spot at the end and some of the other markings showing through the wing; hind wings with only a small brown mark at the apex ; body and legs white without markings.
Expanse of wings inch.
Padang, W. Sumatra ; one example.
IV. — Descriptions of Six new Species of Coleoptera from New Zealand. By Major T. Broun, F.E.S.
Group Pogonidae.
Oopteriis pygmeatuSy sp. n.
Subovate, slightly convex, nitid, piceo-fuscous, sometimes more rufescent ; legs and antennae fusco-testaceous or reddish.
Head narrow^er than thorax, interocular furrows well marked. Eyes large, moderately prominent. Thorax cordiform, about one-third broader than long, distinctly rounded and marginated laterally, much narrowed but not sinuated behind the middle, posterior angles rectangular; its surface with fine indistinct transverse rugae, discoidal groove entire and rather feebly impressed, basal foveae moderately large. Elytra ovate-oblong, large, marginal channels well developed, posterior carinae distinct ; they are more or less finely punctate-striate, sometimes irregularly or indistinctly, but, excepting the sutural striae, they are without sculpture near the apices; the third interstices have three small punctures and fine setae.
Underside shining, pitchy or reddish ; fourth ventral seg- ment wdth four setigerous punctures at the extremity, the
57
Coleoptera from New Zealand.
other segments with one on each side of the middle in the female, in the male there are only two at the apex of the fourth segment.
Tibioi straight, the intermediate pair and the tarsi distinctly setose. The other characters agree with those defined hy me on page G09, vol. xi. 1903, of the Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist.
When compared with O. parvulus, this new species may be at onee distinguished by the more ample and oblong, but evidently less convex, hind body, which, moreover, does not possess the rather coarse seulpture so apparent in the former species. In two or three examples I notice an additional seta at the thoracie hind angles.
Length If ; breadth | lines.
Found under stones near a stream on the Garrick Range, near Obelisk Peak, at an elevation of 4100 feet, by Mr. J. II . Lewis.
Group Oxytelinae.
Phloeon(jeus cordicollis, sp. n.
Elongate, subdepressed, slightly shining, rufo-testaceous, elytra paler, finely pubescent.
Head shining, with an indistinct transverse impression behind the eyes, behind this it is so minutely sculptured as to appear smooth ; in front, near the eyes, it is punctate, and seems there a little asperate and hairy ; the antennal tubercles are prominent. Eyes rather flat, distinctly facetted, quite lateral. Mandibles curvate, inwardly bidentate. Antennce finely pubescent, basal articulation elongate and gradually incrassate; the terminal three joints nearly twdee as broad as the intermediate ones. Thorax about as long as it is broad, truncate and widest in front, gradually curvedly narrowed towards the rounded base, and without perceptible hind angles ; its punctuation is moderate and rather shallow, it is almost smooth along the middle, and the greyish pubescence is disposed transversely. Elytra pallid, short, broader than long, subtruncate behind, posterior angles oblique or rounded; their surface is not definitely sculptured, but bears evident greyish hairs. Hind-body elongate, parallel, marginated, its five exposed segments are nearly equal and distinctly pubes- cent, the sculpture is ill-defined ; the terminal segment is short and retracted and is trituberculate at the extremity.
Legs of moderate length, rather slender ; tibise minutely spinose externally, the anterior outwardly curved, with small terminal spurs. Tarsi slender, the basal two joints, taken
58
Major T. Broun on new
togetlier^ are shorter than the apical one. Paljji with sub- ulate terminal joints.
This may be readily identilied by its simple cordiform thorax. M. FauveFs P. punctiventris has a shorter bisulcate thorax and longer wing-cases.
Length IJ; breadth lines.
Collected by Mr. J. H. Lewis at Ocean Beach near Dunedin.
Group Byrrhidae.
Pedilophorus Lewisi, sp. n.
Ovate, moderately convex, aeneo-niger ; tibiae pitchy red ; tarsi and antennae rufescent, the basal joint of these latter, however, piceous. Body apparently nude, but really bearing some minute greyish setae.
Head closely and distinctly punctured, narrowed anteriorly, the forehead subtruncate or obtusely rounded, but not sharply defined in front, the short vertical frontal portion nearly smooth. Labrum punctate-rugose, more or less pilose, lateral grooves deep. Eyes large, evidently facetted, most prominent in front. Thorax twice as broad as it is long, narrowed anteriorly, lateral margins well-defined, front angles rectangular and slightly projecting ; its surface closely aJid distinctly punctured, more coarsely towards the sides. Scutellum almost cordiform, distantly punctate. Elytra large, moderately narrowed posteriorly, not so closely sculptured as the thorax, much more distantly and finely, almost obsoletely, punctured tow^ards the apices. The female with six or seven more or less obvious striae on each elytron, the sutural most distinct. The male with two or three short ill-defined striae, and with series of coarse punctures on each elytron.
Tihice finely pilose, with short terminal spines, the anterior pair grooved along the lateral portion of the frontal face for the reception of the tarsi, the external edges of all minutely setose. Tarsi elongate, pilose underneath ; fourth joint small, third prolonged below.
$ . Antennce elongate, finely pubescent, very gradually dilated from the fifth joint onwards; basal joint stout, sub- cylindric, and finely sculptured ; second much shorter and narrower than the first, tapering apically ; third nearly as long as the first, but slender; fourth shorter than the con- tiguous ones ; sixth and seventh longer than broad ; joints
59
Coleoptera from New Zealand.
eight to ten subquaclrate ; eleventh elongate-oval ; the basal three artieulations are less pubescent than the following ones. My female specimen, owing to malformation, dilfers considerably in antennal structure.
Underside, including the femora, shining pitchy-black, moderately closely j)uncturcd, the metasternum most coarsely. Flanks of prosternnm smooth, the intercoxal process broad, but not prolonged and fitting into the deep angular meso- sternal cavity. The posterior femora are accommodated in rather large deep cavities. The abdominal sutures are nearly straight, the fourth only being somewhat incurved.
Length 3^--3f ; breadth 2-2^ lines.
Named in honour of Mr. J. H. Lewis, who found this fine species under stones near a stream on the Old Man Range, Otago, at an elevation of 4100 feet. It may be easily recognized by its rather large size and more or less obvious elytral striae.
Group Melolonthidas.
Scythrodes squalidus.
This new genus and species of our Southern Alps was founded (Man. N.Z. Coleopt. p. 955) on a single female discovered by Mr. G. M. Thomson, about tw^elve years ago, at an elevation of 6000 feet on Mount Tyndall. Quite recently, Mr. J. H. Lewis kindly sent me some males which he had found on Obelisk Peak, Garrick Range, at an elevation of 4100 feet. These males exhibit several discrepancies of sculpture and antennal structure when carefully compared with the typical female, so it was considered best to draw up the subjoined description so that others may not make the mistake of treating the sexual forms as distinct species.
Body broadly oviform, only moderately convex, nigrescent, nearly nude.
^ . Atilennee rather short, without pubescence. The basal joint equals the following four conjointly in length, but the portion visible from above barely exceeds the second in length, it is gradually thickened towards the oblique apex, which bears three or four elongate setae ; second nearly twice as long as broad, somewhat pyriform, but unsymmetrical, the inner side being straight whilst the outer is swollen ; third subtriangular, obviously smaller than the contiguous ones ; fourth triangularly cordiform, about twice the breadth of the preceding one ; fifth remarkably short, as wide as the
GO
Major T. Broun on new
extremity of tlie fourth. Club moderately short, rather closely })uneturcd and bearing minute brassy setae, tri- articulate, its third lobe either slightly concave or grooved along the outside so as, in some lights, to indicate a fourth joint, which, however, docs not exist.
Head coarsely and irregularly punctured, the punctures twice as numerous as in the typical female; it is sparingly fringed with somewhat rufescent outstanding setae, and in a small fovea close to the front of each eye there is a cluster of about six setae. Thorax twice as broad as it is long ; the front angles attain the middle of the eyes, the posterior are obtusely rectangular and rest on the shoulders; the sides are finely margined and so little curved as to appear nearly straight except where they are narrowed towards the front ; its surface is distinctly but irregularly punctured, between the middle and each side the punctuation, on some spots, is not so close, but there are no very evident smooth spaces, the punctures usually contain greyish scale-like or sappy matter. Elytra almost as broad as they are long, moderately transversely convex, shoulders oblique, sides regularly slightly rounded, apex rounded ; each with six rather broad but not deep striae, beyond these, laterally and apically, the seulpture is rugose and punctate, the striae, however, are not very definitely punetured, but the whole surface being more or less rugose some parts of the striae appear crenate ; the interstices are broad and punctate ; the lateral margins are not distinctly reflexed, but the channels are broad, with coarse, transverse, and rather shallow sculpture.
Underside sparingly pilose, glossy blaek, the ventral seg- ments with a transverse series of setigerous punctures on each.
Tibi(B sparsely setose or hairy, the anterior a little expanded, oblique at apex, tridentate externally, the inner calcar attains the base of the second tarsal joint.
^ . Length 8 ; breadth 5^ lines.
Group Cryptorhynchidse.
Acalles fuscatus f sp. n.
Ovate- oblong, transversely convex, opaque, rufo-fuscous, densely covered with depressed pale broAvn scales and sappy matter and numerous greyish-yellow erect setae; antennae and tarsi ferrugineous.
Rostrum as long as thorax, red, squamose at base, very gradually and moderately narrowed towards the middle,
CoJeoptera from Neio Zealand, GL
finely punctured and irregularly longitudinally strigose. Head immersed up to the rather flat eyes. Thorax one-third broader than long, much contracted in front, base very feebly sinuated, sides medially rounded, but narrowed behind ; its punctuation close and moderately coarse, but concealed by the covering. Scutellam invisible. Elytra oblong, rounded and nearly vertical posteriorly, coarsely striate- punctate.
Underside rufescent, moderately coarsely and closely punctured, with greyish-yellow squamae and a few setae. Pectoral canal profound, limited behind by the semi- circularly raised margins of the mesosternum. Metasternum very short. Abdomen large ; basal segment, in the middle, as long as the following three conjointly, second as long as the next two, third and fourth short, with deep straight sutures, fifth about the length of the preceding two, with a median fovea-like impression.
Legs long and stout, their clothing like that of the body. Tarsi stout, third joint bilobed, but only moderately expanded. Antenn(R elongate, inserted just before the middle of the rostrum, their pubescence yellowish ; scape clavate and slightly flexuous, reaching backwards to the eye ; funiculus rather longer than the scape, second joint nearly as long as the first, but not so stout, joints 3-7 of nearly equal size, the seventh, however, rather broader than the others ; club elongate, oval, apparently triarticulate.
In superficial appearance this insect is somewhat similar to the much larger Syrnpedius vexatus (no. 890).
Length, rost. excl., 1^-1 breadth | lines.
Two examples from Mr. J. H. Lewis.
Acalles multisetosus, sp. n.
Convex^ subovate, fuscous, covered with brownish-grey scales ; coarse, greyish, squamiform setae form a sort of fringe round the thorax, on the hind-body there are many outstanding, but more slender and sometimes infuscate setae, whilst the legs and underside bear conspicuous coarse grey ones.
Rostrum stout, slightly rufescent, squamose, finely punc- tured. Thorax of nearly equal length and breadth, con- stricted in front, rounded at the middle ; usually with two grey, squamose, longitudinal streaks near the base, its surface IS moderately coarsely punctured. Elytra oviform, obviously broader than the thorax j they are striate-punctate, the sculpture, however, is not easily seen.
62
On new Goleoptera from New Zealand.
Legs stout ; tibiae slightly reddish ; tarsi almost testaceous. The pectoral canal extends almost to the middle of the intermediate coxae. Metasternum very short, but the basal ventral segment is large, the terminal one is red.
This minute species is most nearly allied to Pascoe^s A. perpusillus (no. 870).
I-iength, rost. excl., | ; breadth f line.
This species also is from the collection of Mr. Lewis.
Group Cossonidae.
Agastegnus rufescenSj sp. n.
Elongate^ subdepressed, subcylindric, finely pubescent, moderately glossy, infuscate-red ; rostrum and thorax quite red, head darker.
Rostrum shorter than thorax, nearly cylindric, but con- tracted at the base and slightly narrowed between the middle and the apex, finely and distantly punctured in front, more closely behind. Head immersed up to the eyes, much curvedly narrowed anteriorly, so punctured as to appear rather dull. Eyes flat, lateral. Thorax somewhat oviform, but constricted near the apex ; its disk subdepressed and medially furrowed, distinctly yet finely and not closely punctured ; it bears distinct decumbent golden hairs near the sides. Scutellum small, but distinct. Elytra elongate, somewhat gradually narrowed towards the base, broadly, but not very obviously, transversely depressed between the middle and the base, sparingly clothed with yellow and greyish hairs ; punctate-striate, intermediate striae shallow or obso- lete, the two suturals deep at the base ; interstices apparently impunctate, the third carinate towards the apices.
Legs long, rather stout, finely and sparingly pubescent; tibiae flexuous, with well-developed hooks. Tarsi 4-jointed, penultimate moderately expanded and sub-bilobed, the apical joint nearly as long as the other three conjointly, their soles with scattered outstanding slender hairs.
Antennee reddish, scape flexuous and a little thickened towards the extremity, quite as long as the funiculus, which is 5-jointed, with the basal joint obconical, second nearly twice as long as broad and more slender than the contiguous ones, third and fourth apparently transversel}^ quadrate, though slightly narrowed near the base, fifth transverse, broader than the preceding ones ; the club densely but finely pubescent, oblong-oval, large, indistinctly articulated, about the length of joints 2—5 of the funiculus taken togefher.
63
On Three new Fishes from Yunnan,
A. distinctus, also from Otago, may be distinguished by its thicker, almost parallel-sided rostrum, stouter and shorter antennae, evidently shorter second joint of the funiculus, by its deeper thoracic channel, and the double elytral trans- verse impressions, one being behind the middle femora and the other in line with the posterior pair.
Length, rest, inch, 1^; breadth quite | lines.
Described from a single mounted specimen sent by Mr. J. H. Lewis, who found it at Otago.
V. — Descriptons of Three new Fishes from Yunnan^ collected by Mr. J. Graham. By 0. Tate ReGAN, B.A,
Schizothorax taliensis.
Depth of body 5 to 6 in the lengtli, length of head 4| to 5. Diameter of eye in the length of head, lengtli of snout
3§, interorbital width 3. Mouth terminal, with the jaws equal anteriorly ; maxillary extending to below anterior edge of eye ; fold of the lower lip not continuous ; barbels short. 85 to 100 scales in the lateral line, 24 to 29 between dorsal fin and lateral line, 12 to 15 between lateral line and root of ventral. Scales irregular ; thorax and a median abdominal strip naked. Dorsal IV 7, its origin nearly equidistant from tip of snout and base of caudal ; the compound serrated ray strong, its length f to J the length of head ; free edge of the fm concave. Anal III 5, when laid back extending to the base of caudal. Pectoral | the length of head, extending -J or a little more than ^ of the distance from its base to the origin of ventrals. Ventrals 9- or 10-rayed, originating a little behind the origin of dorsal, extending ^ to § of the distance from their base to the origin of anal. Caudal forked. Caudal peduncle twice as long as deep. Silvery ; back bluish.
Four specimens, 130 to 210 mm. in total length, from the Tali Fu Lake, 300 miles W. of Yunnan Fu.
Discognathus yunnanensis.
Depth of body 5 in the length, length of head 4|. Eye slightly nearer to edge of operculum than to tip of snout, its diameter ^ the length of head and ^ the width of the slightly convex interorbital region. Barbels 2 on each side, short,
64
Mr. C. T. Regan on
subequal. 40 scales in a longitudinal series, 5 between dorsal fin and lateral line, 3 between lateral line and root of ventral fin. Dorsal III 8 ; origin nearly equidistant from tip of snout and base of caudal ; longest ray nearly as long as the head ; free edge of the fin slightly coticave. Anal III 5. Caudal deeply forked. Pectoral as long as the head, not reaching the ventrals, which originate below the middle of the dorsal and extend to the origin of anal. No well-defined spots or markings.
A single specimen, 53 mm. in total length, from the lake at Yunnan Fu.
Silurus Grahami,
Depth of body 6 in the length, length of head 5. Breadth of head If in its length, diameter of eye 8, interorbital width 3^, length of snout 3f. Lower jaw projecting; vomerine teeth in separate patches ; 4 barbels, the maxillary ones reaching the ends of the pectorals, the mental ones f as long. Dorsal 4, its distance from tip of snout slightly more than J its distance from the caudal. Anal 73, continuous with the caudal, which is subtruncate. Pectoral with I 13 rays ; spine with the outer edge weakly denticulated and the inner edge entire, its length | that of the fin, which is f as long as the head and does not reach the ventral. Ventrals 12-rayed, extending to the third or fourth ray of anal. Greyish brown.
A single specimen, 260 mm. in total length, from the Cliien Kiung Lake, 30 miles S.E. of Yunnan Fu.
This species is very close to S. mento^ Yunnan
Fu Lake, which has shorter barbels, the inner edge of the pectoral spine serrated, and the ventrals 10-rayed.
VI. — Diagnoses of new Central- American Freshwater Fishes of the Families Cyprinodontidae and Mugilidse. By C. Tate Regan, B.A.
1 . Rivulus flahellicauda.
D. 9. A. 12. Sc. 42. Diameter of eye 4 in the length of head. End of anal below middle of dorsal. Brownish, edges of scales darker ; vertical fins with some small darker spots ; a caudal ocellus.
Jriab. Costa Rica, Juan Venas [Underwoodf Total length 70 mm.
new Central- American Fishes.
G5
2. RivuJus Godmanni.
D. 8. A. 11. Sc. 35. Diameter of eye 3 in the length of head. End of anal below middle of dorsal. Olivaceous, a darker spot on each scale ; operculum blackish ; vertical fins dusky, the caudal with a narrow pale edge and below with a blackish intramarginal stripe; caudal ocellus sometimes present.
llah. Guatemala (^Godman).
Total length 40 mm.
3. Pcecilia salvatoris.
Poecilia thermalis (non Steind.), Giinth.. Cat. Fish. vi. p. 341 (1866).
D. 10-11. A. 8-9. Sc. 27-30. Closely allied to P. splienops, C. & V., but with the body not so deep, the interorbital space broader, and the free edge of the dorsal fin straight instead of eonvex. Olivaceous ; males with more or less distinct cross-bars ; dorsal with 2 series of vertically expanded blackish spots, sometimes absent in females ; caudal, in the males, with oblong blackish spots.
Ilah. San Salvador, in warm springs [Dow],
Total length 55 mm.
4. Xiphophorus strigatus.
Xiphophorus Helleri (non Heck.), Meek, Zool. Pub. Columbian Mus. v.
1904, p. 157.
D. 12-14. A. 9-10. Sc. 28-30. A blackish lateral stripe from eye to base of caudal ; no additional stripe in the males.
Hah. Southern Mexico, Vera Cruz and Oaxaea.
The true X. Helleri is the species named X. jalapce by Meek, males of which have two lateral stripes.
5. Xiphophorus brevis.
D. 13-15. A. 9-10. Sc. 27. Depth of body 2|- to 2| in the length. 3 or 4 indistinct dark longitudinal stripes at the edges of the series of scales on the sides ol the body.
Hah. British Tdonduras, Stann Creek [Robertson).
Total length 75 mm.
6. Agonostomus macracanthus.
D. IV, I 8. A. II 10. Sc. 41-43. Upper lip very thick, as in A. nasutus. Maxillary extending to below middle of eye. Dorsal spines strong, the first J-| the length of head or
Ann. & Mag, N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. xix. 5
G6
]\Ir. W. Nlcoll on the
the distance between tlie origins of tlie dorsal fins and as long as the longest rays of the second dorsal. Pectoral | the length of head, extending to or a little beyond the vertical I'rorn the origin of spinous dorsal.
Hah, Guatemala, Uio Guacalate {Salvin).
Total length 210 mm.
7. Agonostomus Salvini.
D. IV, I 8. A. II 10. Sc. 38-40. Closely allied to A. nasutusj but upper lip not so thick, eye smaller, lower jaw a little longer, pectoral fin shorter. Maxillary extending to below anterior ^ or of eye. Dorsal spines moderate, the first I (adult) or J (young) the length of head or of the distance between the origins of the dorsals. Pectoral f the length of head or less, not extending to below the spinous dorsal.
JIah. Guatemala, Rio Nacasil [Salvin).
Total length 270 mm.
VH. — A Cont?'ibutio7i towards a Knowledge of the Entozoa of British Marine Fishes. — Part I. By William Nicoll, M.A., B.Sc., Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews.
[Plates I.-IV.]
The following aecount of an as yet little-known province of British marine zoology can hardly be regarded as more than a mere preliminary. The original intention was to have treated the subject in a systematic manner, dealing wdth the Entozoa of each of the natural groups of fishes — Gadidae, Pleuronectidae, &c. — separately ; but as this w^as found im- possible for the time being, the most satisfactory remaining course seemed to be to study the easily accessible fishes as they came to hand. It will be seen that these fall under two classes : (1) the commoner littoral fishes, gunnel, stickle- back, &c. ; (2) the commoner food-fishes, haddock, dab, &c. A large number of each species, except in a few^ instances, having been examined, the results obtained may be regarded as fairly accurate and the parasites from each host as com- paratively typical. Special attention has been devoted to the Trematode forms ; cestodes occurred but rarely, except in the form of scolices. Nematodes and Acanthocephala were frequent, but, for the most part, assignable to common species. Several forms remain unnamed, mostly young Ascarids, which are difficult to diagnose.
G7
Entozoa of British ]\ [urine Fishes.
No Elasinobranch fishes are noted in tliis paper^ and of the Teleostei, three groups — Pharyrigognathi^ Lophobranehii, and Pleetognathi — are unrepresented. Ofthe remaining three groups upwards of 60 speeies are reeorded from St. Andrews Bay, but only 50 of these are at all eommon. About half of these are dealt with here. A few yielded no parasites, a notable case being Blennius pholis, which will be referred to later; amongst the others an individual not harbouring its quota of parasites was exceptional.
A striking feature of the herein-noted results is the large number of instances in which a parasite is recorded from a new host, although the new species are few. This may be due to a particular host not having been examined before or to its not having harboured Entozoa in the localities where it had previously been examined. A third possibility sug- gesting itself is that two species of fish may have been confused or regarded as identical, and the parasites of one attributed to the other. A case in point is that of Coitus scorpiuSy Bloch, and C. bubalis, Euphr., between which I have sometimes found difficulty in deciding. I have, how- ever, carefully compared each specimen examined with Day^s descriptions of the two species, and in so far as he is to be depended upon the results may be regarded as correct. The large number of forms new to Coitus bubaiis may be explained in this way; moreover, almost every one occurred in an example which was unmistakably Coitus bubaiis, Euphr.
This leads us to a consideration of the work of previous observers. Two most important attempts have been made towards a systematic and exhaustive knowledge of the Entozoa of the North Sea fishes — the one by Olsson* in 1867, the other by P. J. van Benedenf in 1870. The work of the former was done in the waters off the west coast of Norway, which can hardly be regarded, strictly speaking, as the North Sea; but since the majority of the species which he examined are common to our shores, we can include his results under those for fish taken within the North Sea. Yan Beneden deals with fish from the Belgian coast and from further out at sea. Both examined a very large number of fishes, especially the commoner varieties. Amongst the littoral fishes neither Olsson nor Van Beneden makes mention of Gobius Ruthensparri and Liparis Montagui. Olsson, in addition, omits Zoarces viviparus ; Van Beneden, Coitus
O
* “ Entozoa lios Skandinaviska liafsfiskar,” Lunds Univ. Arsskrift, vol. iv. 1867, no. viii.
t “ Les Poissons des Cotes de Belgique,” M(5m. Acad. Belg. xxxviii. 1871.
5*
C8
]\[r. W. Nicoll on the
huhalis. From tlicir observations no parasite appears to infest the fish haunting the pools and crevices along the shore in the same way as Podocotyle atomon^ llud., has been found to do at St. Andrews. The presence of this Trematode is quite a feature ; it occurs in eight out of the nine species examined. Another common form is Echinorhynchus acus, llud._, which was found in four species. Amongst the fishes from deeper waters the widely-spread Hemiurus forms and Derogmes various, Muller, are recorded very frequently l)y both the above-mentioned observers. As might have been expected, the same is true in the present instance.
Fish, such as the herring and haddoek, which roam far and wide in their search after food tend to exhibit the same para- sitic fauna in whatever quarter they are taken, but the littoral fish, with their more circumscribed lives, are dependent on local faunae for food, and in consequence their parasites vary according to the locality.
A case like that of Podocotyle atomon, Fud., would almost lead one to enunciate the hypothesis that the Entozoa of a particular fish depend more on its environment than on the species to which it belongs ; that is to say, that no matter what the species of fish the parasites found in it ought to be the same as those found in other species from the same neighbourhood. This raises the very important question of idiosyncrasies in feeding, for it is well known that different species, although living quite close together, have often entirely different modes of feeding. Van Beneden took some pains to note the food of the various fish which he examined ; but into this matter I do not propose at present to enter. One case, however, that of the shanny, Blennius phoUs, cannot be overlooked. It occurs here commonly, and I had an oppor- tunity of examining a large number, but in no instance did a single parasite present itself. Such a fact is not remark- able ill itself, but, in view of the frequency with which other fish in the vicinity were infected, it is striking enough. Van Beneden found the food of the shanny to consist of crustaceans, Balanus for the most part. In addition to crustaceans I have met with excessive numbers of small gastropods, especially young Littoi'ina. Thus the food is apparently not so very diflerent from that of other species. The presence of the large number of shells in the intestine might be offered as a reason for the absence of parasites, but shells and other hard debris are found in fish in which parasites abound. Another explanation might be sought in some constitutional peculiarity of the shanny which renders it an unsuitable host. Similar instances — e. g. Agonus
CD
Kulczoa of British J\farine I'ulies.
(Asp'ulophorus) catnphracim, Cienolabrus rupcstris, and Jh'osmius brosme — occur in Olsson’s observations^ altliougb lie makes no comment upon them.
Neither Olsson nor Van Beneden made any a^^^mpt towards a solution of the life-history of the forms with '''diicli they deal. The subject is difficult and requires sj)ccial and long continued study. Leviriscn* made an extensive seareli amongst the marine invertebrata of Greenland for inter- mediate forms, and was suecessful in three or four eases, llis results have not been confirmed. Latteily some important work has been done in this direction by Miss Lebour in Northumberland t- She has investigated many of the commoner Mollusea and has reeorded from them quite a number of sporocysts and eercaria3. The difficulty of tracing these to their final host still remains.
In the Irish Sea at the Liverpool Laboratory considerable additions have been made to the British Entozoa fauna by Johnstone Very few Trematodes are mentioned, Cestodes receiving most attention. His note on Distomum valdem- flalum, Stoss., is interesting and will be referred to later. '\ he occurrence of Hemiunis appendiciclaius in very small (^-1 in.) plaice and dabs is curious, for this Trematode has never been recorded from these fish in their adult state. The mention of a form {Distomum gulosum, Linton) first described from America is also noteworthy. Linton^s work on the American fishes § reveals many forms which are the same as or almost identical with species already known from corresponding European fish. He himself is unable in several eases to establish their identity with absolute certainty. His work is valuable on account of the eare with which he has studied and measured the various important organs, but unfortunately little exact information is to be derivecl from his plates.
Some experiments which I h.ad an opportunity of conducting with sticklebacks may conveniently be described here. The fact that the sticklebacks from brackish ditches were infeeted with Fodocotyle atomon, Rud., to as great an extent as those from the marine roek-pools suggested ascertaining the effect
^ “ Bidrag til Kimdskab om Groiilands Trematodfauna,” Oversigt Kgl. Bansk. Selskab. 1881, pp. 52-84, pis. ii., iii.
t Notes on Northuinhrian Trematodes,” Northumberland Fisheries Report for 1905.
X ‘‘ Internal Parasites and Diseased Conditions of Fishes,” Lancashire Sea-Fisheries Report for 1904, p. 98 ; 1905, p. 151.
§ Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xx. pp. 423-456, pis. xxvii.-xxxiv. and pp. 507- 548, pis. xl.-liv.
70
Mr. \V. Nicoll on the
of pure fresh 'water. Some examples^ both from pools and from (litdies^ were confined in a tank of fresh water. For two months they were supplied with })ond-weeds, snails, grubs, &c., which, liowever, they did not accept very readily. At the end of* tliat time sorric were examined and found to contain the parasites as frequently as before. No new ])arasites had made their a})peatance. For another two months the sticklebacks received no food at all, and on examination thereafter no diminution in the number of ])arasitcs was observable, although by this time the fish were in a very poor condition. Tliis is at variance with the observations of Zschokke and others, who found that in fish migrating from the sea to rivers the parasites acquired during their sojourn in the sea were gradually killed off by the fresli water of the river. The above experiment appears to indicate that the disappearance of the parasites in certain cases is not W'holly attributable to the effect of the fresh w^ater, but that some other factor must enter into account. The length of time (four months) during which the fish were confined to the fresh water was ample for any effect due to the water to have taken place. The only noteworthy circumstance observed was the largely increased number of ova extruded from the parasite in the intestine of the host.
The following is a list of the hosts examined, with their respective parasites ; the habitat is also noted. An asterisk prefixed to the habitat denotes that the parasite is recorded for the first time from this situation; an asterisk prefixed to the name of the parasite denotes that it is here recorded for the first time from this host. The fish are named according to Day^s ‘British Fishes.'’
Acanthoptebygii.
Gasterosteus aculeatus, Linn. 3-spined Podocotyle atomon, Mud.
( = Psilostomum redactum, mihi. ^Ascaris sp. (jiiven.).
Coitus scorpius, Bloch. Bullliead. Podocotyle atomon, Mud.
(=l)istomimi simplex, Mud.) Derogenes varicus, Muller. Bistomum sp.
Echinorhynclms acus, Mud. Bothiiocephalus punctatus, Mud. Coitus buhalis, Euphr. Father-lasher. Podocotyle atomon, Mud, ^Ilemiums appendiculatus. Mud. ■^Derogenes varicus, Muller. *Prosorhynchus squamatus, Odhner
Stickleback.
Stomach, intestine.
Body- cavity.
Intestine.
Stomach and ^intestine. Gills in capsules. Intestine.
Intestine.
Intestine.
Stomach.
Stomach.
Intestine and pyloric a2)pendages.
71
Kntozoa of British Marine Fishes.
■’i^Ascans sp.
■^Ascai’is capsularia, Rtul. ^Ascarop.sis nioiTlmrc, v. Ben. *EcliiiU)rliynclui8 acus, Rud.
liotlirioceplialus punctatus, Rucl, ^Scolox polyiiiorplius, Rud. ^Diatom uiii sp. (juveii.).
liody-cavity.
I’eritoiieimi.
Intestine.
Intestine.
Intestine.
Intestine and rectum.
capsules.
DouLle- spotted (iub3^
Stomach and intestine. Gills in capsules. Ilody-cavity.
Intestine.
Gohius Ruthens^jarri, Euphr.
^Podocotyle atomon, Rud.
^Distomum sp. (juven.).
^Ascaris sp. (jiiven.).
■^Scolex polymorph us, Rud.
Ci/clopterus lumpus, Linn. Lump-sucker.
Scolex polymorph us, Rud.
Liparis Montagui, l)onov. Montague’s Sucker.
^Podocotyle atomon, Rud. Intestine,
^Prosorhynchus squamatus, Odhner. Intestine
^Stomach and intestine.
^Echinorhynchus acus, Rud. *'Ascaris sp. (juven.).
Centronotus gunnellus, Linn. Gunnel. ^Podocotyle atomon, Rud. ^Hemiurus appendiculatus, Rud. ^Ascaris sp. (juven.).
and pyloric appendages.
Intestine.
Body-cavity.
Intestine and rectum.
Intestine.
Peritoneum.
Zoarces viviparus, Linn. Viviparous Blenny.
^Podocotyle atomon, Rud. ^Echiuorhynchus acus, Rud.
An.vcanthini.
Gadus ceglefinus, Linn. Haddock. Lepodora rachisea, Cobhold. *'llemiurus communis, Odhner. Ascaris communis. Dies.
Ascaris clavata, Rud.
*A scaris sp.
^Agamonema commune, Dies.
^Ileterakis foveolata, Rud. ^Ascaropsis morrhuoe, v. Ben.
Echinorhynchus acus, Rud. Bothriocephalus rugosus, Rud.
^'Scolex polymorphus, Rud. ^Scolex sp.
Gadus merlangus, Linn. Whiting. Derogenes varicus, Muller. Ascaris clavata, Rud.
Filaria echinata, v. Linstoio. Motella mustela, Linn Five-bearded ^Podocotyle atomon, Rud.
Ascaris capsularia, Rud. Ammodgtes tohianus, Linn. Sand-Eel ^Ilemiurus communis, Odhner.
Intestine.
Intestine.
Intestine.
Stomach.
*Body-cavit3^
^Stomach.
Intestine.
Liver and pyloric ap- pendages in capsules. Intestine.
Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, intestine. Intestine.
Intestine and pyloric appendages.
Intestine.
Gall-bladder.
^Intestine.
Intestine.
Intestine.
Bockling.
Stomach and intestine. Peritoneum.
(Esophagus, stomach, intestine.
72
Mr. W. Nicoll on the
Bracliypliallua crenatus, Rud. J^ecitliaster gibbosus, Rud.
•=*^Ascaria sp. (juven,).
^ Ascai-is sp.
'^JCcliinorlijncbiia aciia, Rud.
(?) Scolex amniodytis Tobiani, v.Ben. Jlippof/lossus vuU/aris, Flein. Halibut. *tStephanocbasniiis baccatus, sp. n. ^Ilemiurus apijeiidiculatus, Rud. l^erogeues various, Muller.
*Derogeiies cacozelus, sp. n.
Ascaiis capsularia, Rud.
Ascaris collaris, Rud.
<*^Ascaris sp.
^Ascaropsis morrliuse, v. Ben.
*Filaria echiuata, Linstoiv.
Ileteraliis foveolata, Rud.
Scolex polymorphus, Rud.
Rhombus maximus, Linn. Turbot. *Zoogonoides viviparus, Olsson. ^Derogenes various, Muller.
Lotliriocepbalus punctatus, Rud. Scolex polymorplius, Rud.
Rhombus Icevis^ lioiidelet. Brill.
Berogenes various, Midler.
^Ascaris collaris, Rud.
Bleuronectes limanda, Linn. Bab. Z'jogonoides viviparus, Olsson. Steringopliorus furciger, Olsson. ^•Berogenes various, Muller.
^Berogenes cacozelus, sp. n.
Ascaris capsularia, Rud.
* Ascaris sp.
Scolex polymorphus.
'Bleuronectes platessa^ Linn. Plaice. Zoogouoides viviparus, Olsson. Heteralds foveolata, Rud.
Scolex polymorphus, R^id.
Bleuronectes microcephcdus, Flem. Lemon- Bistomum sp.
^Ascaris sp.
^Ascaropsis (?) sp. (juven.).
Stomach and intestine. Intestine.
Body-cavity.
Intestine.
Intestine.
Intestine.
Ilectum.
Stomach.
Stomach.
Intestine and rectum. lAritoneum.
Intestine.
Bectum.
Stomach.
Bectum.
Stomach.
Intestine and ^rectum. Bectum.
Mouth, oesophagus, and stomach.
Intestine.
Intestine.
^Stomach.
Intestine.
Intestine and rectum. Stomach and intestine. Mouth, oesophagus, and stomach.
Intestine.
Peritoneum.
Intestine and pyloric appendages. Intestine.
Intestine and rectum. Intestine.
Intestine.
dab.
Intestine.
Intestine.
Intestine.
PllYSOSTOMI.
Clupea harengus^ Linn. Herring. ^Hemiurus Liihei, Odhner. Agamonema capsularia, Dies. Anguilla vulgaris, Tint. Eel.
Hemiurus appendiculatus, Rt(d. Lecithochirium rufoviride, Rud. ^Scolex polymorphus, Rud.
Stomach and cascum. Peritoneum.
Stomach.
Stomach.
Intestine.
Kntozoa of British Marine Fishes.
73
T R E M A T O D A.
Podocotyle atomon, llud. (PL I. figs. 2.)
Bistoma simplex, Uiid. ?, Olsson, Lovinsen, Gronlanda Trematodfauna, ]). 8, pi. iii. lig. 1.
Allocrendmm atomon (Hud.), Odlmer, Zool. Jalirb. Syst. xiv. p. 500, pi. 33. figs, 0, 10.
Podocotyle atomon (Rud.), Odlmer, Fauna Arctica, iv. (2) p. 320, pi. ii. figs. 9, 10.
Psilostomum redactum, sp. n., Nicoll, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xvii. p. 525, pi. xiii. figs. 9, 10.
This is a species which Odlmer regards as wrongly identified by Olsson* * * §, although the latter had some doubt on the matter himself. Olsson assigned his specimens to Distoma simplex, Rud., and was followed by Levinsen and Linton. Odlmer, by elucidating the structure of Distomum atomon, Rud., shows that they ought really to have been assigned to this species. He also includes Distomum re- flexum, Creplin, under this species, although he excludes the forms which Olsson t and Zschokke J identified as such. As Psilostomum redactum I described what I considered to be a distinct species, but I must now regard it as identical with Podocotyle atomon, Rud.
Of RudolphPs Distoma simplex { = Fasciola aglefine, Muller) no specimens remain, so that Odlmer regards the species as unidentifiable. He omits notice of the fact that Van Beneden § found in Gadus eeglefinus what he apparently regarded as Distomum reglefine, Muller. Van Beneden is slightly confusing, for wdiile he marks the form sp. nov.^’ in his notes, without any attempt at description, the accom- panying figure is marked D, aglefiue, Muller, and we may suppose that this was his real intention. Von Linstow || notes both D. simplex, Rud., and D. aglefine, van Beneden, under Gadus <jeglefinus, so that he was either misled by van Beneden or he regarded the two species as distinct. Stossich^ falls into the same error. Van Beneden^s figure is meagre, but, so far as it goes, exhibits a certain resemblance to the form we are here dealing with. The large elliptical ventral sucker, the position of the genital aperture, the male genital
* Entozoa iaktt bos Skandiiiaviska bafsfiskar,” in Lunds Univ. Arsskrift, iv. p. 34, pi. iv. figs. 81, 82.
O
f Lunds Univ. Arsskrift, iv. (8) p. 52.
j Verliandl. Gesell. Basel, Till. 8, lift. 3, p. 789, pi. xi. fig. 1.
§ “Poissons des Cotes de Belgique,” p. 50, pi. iv. fig. 14, in M^m. Acad. Roy. Belg. xxxviii.
II Conipend. d. Helminthol. p. 236.
^ List. d. Pesci, p. 01.
71
Mr. W. Nicoll on the
apparatus^ tlic vitelline glands^ testes, and ova, all point to its being a member of the Allocreadium. The ova are
excessively large and the ovary is absent, and on this account it is impossible to assign this form to any of the already known members of the genus, so that the difficulty of ])roving the identity of Dist. simplex, Rud., still remains.
Olsson found this parasite occurring in Sebastes norveyievs (one or two fairly often), Gadus melanostomus (frecpiently numerous), niger (once, in great wxxmhQv^), Anguilla
vulgaris (a single specimen). Levinscri found it fairly often in Coitus scoipius and Coitus gobio {^Fhobetor ventralis) fi’om Greenland. Rudolpbi’s specimens were from the stomach of Pleuronec'es flesus. Odhner adds that he has met with it in a very considerable number of other Scandinavian marine fishes from the west coast of Sweden,^^ although I have seen no list of such forms. I have already recorded it from G aster osteus aculeatus (var. trachurus) , and to this I have to add Coitus bubalis, Cottas scorpius, Gobius Ruthensparri, Centronotus gunnellus, Zoarces viviparus, Motella mustela, and Liparis Montagui. About 70 per cent, of the total number of fish of these species examined were infected, usually with three or more adult parasites and often a large number of young. Thus it may be understood that this form is ex- ceedingly frequent.
Olsson determines the length of his specimens at 3-9 mm. ; Levinsen found somewhat smaller examples in Coitus scorpius (3-5 mm.) ; Odhner gives the average length as about 2 mm., and is inclined to regard Olssoids larger specimens as a variety. He also differentiates a medium-sized variety corresponding with Levinseids specimens and also with Jdist. reflexum, Crepl. My examples only in rare cases exceed 3 mm., the majority being l'5-2‘5 mm., so that as far as length is concerned they correspond v/ith Odhner’s smallest variety, i. e. with the Rudolphi type. Fully de- veloped adults were found as small as 1 mm. ; one small example from the stickleback measured 1*01 mm., and contained seven ova measuring ’081 x *047 mm., i. e. of fully normal size. The largest immature individual observed was *90 mm. in length ; it contained no ova, but the penis Avas well developed, and the testes were as large as *28 x ’ll mm.
The general shape oE the body is elongate-ovoid, depressed, somewhat attenuate anteriorly, more rounded posteriorly. Like the other species of the genus, it is extremely mobile, the ant-acetabular region being capable of great extension and contraction, the post-acetabular part less so, but the
Kntozoa of British Marine Fishes. 75
cuticle of tlie bitter is often thrown into irregular wrinkles. The eonstrietion at the level of the testes, noted by Olsson, is not of invariable oeeurrenee, and the outline of })reserved (pressed) speeimens is eomparatively even. Tiie eolour viewed by transmitted light is greenish yellow, darker posteriorly from the presenee of the yolk- glands and golden yellow centrally from the ova.
The eutiele is of no great thiekness, devoid of spines, and striated longitudinally and transversely. The suekers are fairly well developed : the oral sueker is subterminal and globular, with a eircular aperture ; its diameter is usually about of the length of the body, but it is proportionately larger in the younger examples than in the older, the observed limits being *12 mm. in the smaller (I’O mm.) and -29 mm. in the largest (3T5 mm.). The ventral sucker is more variable ; it is always elliptical in outline, with a corresponding aperture, the long axis being transverse and usually about half as long again as the diameter of the oral sucker, i. e. \ of the total body-length, but here again the proportion decreases with increase in size. The measured dimensions were ’22-42 mm. These figures agree very closely with those of Odhner, viz. *12-*25 mm. for the oral and ’25-’44 mm. for the ventral sucker. Linton^s American specimens yield pretty much the same figures.
Another feature to which some importance is attached is the distance between the suckers (i. e. length of neck). My observations coincide with those of Levinsen, viz. of the length of the body and ^ in young individuals. Odhner also determines the limits at 1-J.
The alimentary system conforms to the genus type, except that a distinct prepharynx is present, first noted by Odhner. It appears as a dilated tube about half as long as the pharynx and considerably wider than the oesophagus. The pharynx is almost globular, with a diameter of about TO mm., but its breadth usually exceeds its length slightly. The oesophagus may be twice as long as the pharynx, but on contraction it is bent in the form of an S, and appears short then. The bending takes place either laterally or doiso-ventrally.
The excretory vesicle is a long simple closed sac extending as far forward as the level of the ovary, and opening pos- teriorly by a terminal pore. To it run down two narrow convoluted tubules, one on either side.
The genital aperture lies almost midway between the two suckers and also midway between the median line and the extreme left edge of the body. It is thus to the left of the oesophagus and between the pharyirx and intestinal
Mr. W. NIcoll on the
7lj
l)if’nrcation. Tlie cirrus-pouch is long and narrow^ extending some distance behind the ventral sucker. It contains at its ])osterior end a large bipartite vesicula scminalis, from the anterior end of which issues the ductus ejaculatorins. The latter bends back almost immediately to lie alongside the vesicula seminalis^ but bending again it passes forward to the penis. This organ is long and slender^ and when well extended is curved. It has a squarely-cut end, but instead of being inflated at its termination, as Olsson represents it, it is somewhat tapering. The configuration of tiie internal genitalia is precisely as Odhner* represents it.
In one case I was fortunate enough to witness the fer- tilization and formation of the ova. The worm was under pressure, and the unfertilized ova passed along the oviduct I’airly rapidly. As each arrived opposite the receptaculuni seminis, it was surrounded by sperms, and shortly afterwards two or three yolk-plugs were congregated round it. The mass was forced on towards the uterus, receiving as it went a shell-coating and gradually acquiring the characteristic elliptical shape. The whole process did not last longer than ten minutes.
The vitelline glands consist of numerous follicles, not by any means so regular or so large as Odhner represents them. He is correct in saying that they do not extend in front of the ventral sucker, although occasionally a follicle or two is to be found in the neck.
The uterus is short and rarely contains more than 20-40 eggs ; Odhner says 20-30, and yet in his figure f he repre- sents upwards of 80 eggs. The ova are light yellow to yellowish brown in eolour, and measure, aceordiiig to my observations, *075-’084 mm. in length by 040--054 mm. in breadth. These rather wide limits include measurements of the ova from various hosts. The details in four cases are as follows : —
mm. mm.
From Gasterosteus aculeatus .... •07o--0Sl X •040-’044
,, Coitus hibalis •07o-’081 x •044-‘0o4
„ Ceiitronotus gnnnellus .... ‘075 X ‘OoO-'OS^
„ Zoarces vivipams •03l-'084 X •046-050
Odhner^s figures are '060- 084 mm. x •0I0-'045 mm. The minimum length-limit seems rather small. I have certainly never observed ova (mature, at least) approaching that small size. My measurements were usualH determined
* Log. cit. pp. 510-511, pi. 33. fig. 10. t Log. Git. pi. 33. lig. 9.
77
Entozoa of British J^lnrine Fishes.
from ova as near tl.e terminal portion of the uterus as possible. Linton^s figures for the ova of his Arneriean specimens are *084 x *04 mm., so that they also corrcs[)ond with other observations.
This parasite, is usually eonfiiied to the intestine of its host, though occasionally one or two specimens are to be found in the stomach and in one host (Gadus m,elcmostomus) , according to Olsson, it occurs in the pyloric caeca.
While studying this form, I examined sticklebacks from three diflerent regions, viz. (1) rock-pools, (2) brackish ditches communicacing with the sea, (3) streams near their entrance into the sea. In the first two instances 1 obtained Gastei'osteus aculeatiis, var. trachurus ; in the third, var. gymnurus. The river sticklebacks were much smaller than those from the sea, and in no case did they harbour Podo- cotyle atomon. The specimens from the pools and ditches w'ere identical and were each equally subject to infection.
Levinsen asserts that the intermediate host of Distomum simplex is Themisto lihellula. This crustacean is not recorded from the St. Andrews district, so that it cannot be the intermediate host here.
Lepodora rachicea, Cobbold*. (PI. I. figs. 3, 4.)
Distomum rachion, Cobbold, Trans. Linn. Soc. xxii. p. 158, pi. xxxi. figs, y, 10; Stossich, List. d. Pesci, p. 43 ; Linton, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. XX. p. 538, pi. liii. figs. 3-7.
Lepodora rachiesa, Odliner, Fauna Arctica, iv. (2) p. 332, pi. ii. dgs. 12-15.
To reconcile Cobbold^s figure of Distomum rachion with the one which 1 herewith submit seems at first sight difficult. The disposition of the genital glands and uterus appears to effectually separate them. The resemblance in other respects, however, is striking enough, and as it is possible to interpret correctly the structures misrepresented by Cobbold, I have little doubt that his specimens and mine are identical, and this is endorsed by the facts that the organization of the parasite is definitely characteiistic and that Gadiis ceglefinus figuies as the best in both instances.
Cobbold^s description is embodied in a few lines, but this brevity is remedied by a boldly drawn figure. In inter- preting this figure w^e must suppose either that he drew from the living animal, when the tliickness of the body would prevent him seeing clearly the organs in the posterior part, or that his preserved specimens were not sufficiently cleared.
Odhner’s amended descriptions of this species and others did not come to hand until the present paper was in the press.
78
m. AV. Nicoll on the
The anterior region is eorrect exeopt tliat tlie genital aper- ture is rather far forward and the eutieular spines have assumed enormous proportions. The ventral sueker has a somewhat powerful appearance^ and the vesieula semitialis extends as far baek as the anterior testis. • Tlie testes are correctly enough placed^ but the ovary is posterior to them instead of in front. The uterus displays tlie greatest divergence; it is represented as two tubes^ winding down^ one on each side of the body, to the extreme posterior end. It is to be presumed that Cobbold here confused the uterus with the vitelline glands, the rounded follicles of which might be mistaken for ova. The uterine walls must have been supplied from imagination.
Cobbold fancies a resemblance between this species and Distomum scabmm, Zed., and D. appendiculatum, Rud. Wherein this lies I fail to perceive, even in Cobbold^s figure, for the organization of the alimentary system with its long pre-pharynx, the presence of the large spines, and the dispo- sition of the entire genital system are widely different from the coi’responding structures in the above-mentioned species.
Stossiclds description of this form is merely a brief trans- lation of Cobbold^s. Along with von Linstow* he falls into the error of attributing it to the cod [Gadas morrhua) instead of Gadus ceglejinus, although Cobbold is perfectly clear on this point.
A not uncommon parasite of the haddock, it occurred in rather more than 50 per cent, of individuals examined, always in the intestine and never in large numbers. It is of moderate size : length l-88-I‘47 mm., maximum breadth •61-‘90 mm. ; average size 2'65 x '59 mm. ; body of elon- gated oval outline, rounded at both ends, somewhat attenuate anteriorly. It is of compact build, sluggish in movement, and does not long survive removal from its host. The cuticle is beset with stout regularly arranged spines cover- ing the whole of the ant-acetabular region and gradually disappearing behind the ventral sucker. A few spines are to be found laterally within a short distance of tne tip of the tail. The length of the spines is about '012 mm., but they are shorter in front and longer posteriorly. They have comparatively broad bases and are arranged so that the spines of each row alternate with those of adjacent rows.
The oral sucker is almost terminal, of fair size (diameter •24-'38 mm.), but not very muscular. The ventral sucker is remarkably small and feeble ; it is situated almost centrally
* Oompend. d. Ilelminthol. 1878, p. 238.
Entozoa of J3rillnh Marine Fishes. 70
and has a diameter of '11— '23 mm. Both arc circular in outline with circular apertures.
The alimentary system is well developed. Tlic mouth opens into a long pre-pharynx (about *3 mm. long in an average specimen), which is followed by a pharynx of large size ('21 X'lG mm.) ; the oesophagus is very short and the diverticula into which it divides are of great width and extend to the end of the body.
The excretory vesicle is a simple sac of no great extent, in the posterior end of the body and opens by a terminal pore.
The testes are median, one behind the other, in the pos- terior third of the body. They are globular or ovoid in shape and of considerable size ('25 mm, diameter). The edge of the posterior testis is at a distance of about '6 mm. from the end of the body. The ovary lies directly in front of the testes and is much smaller than them. The receptaculum seminis is an elongated vesicle lying between the ovary and the anterior testis. The vitelline glands are extensive and well-defined ; situated laterally from the level of the ventral sucker to the posterior extremity of the body. They consist of numerous, compact, irregular follicles.
The ova are few in number (about 30) and are confined to the space bounded by the ovary, the ventral sucker, and the two intestinal diverticula. Light yellow in colour, ovoid in shape, they measure *059-'068 mm. in length and •033-*040 mm. in breadth.
The genital aperture is in front of the ventral sucker, but to the left of the middle line; it is within the intestinal fork. The sphincter muscle surrounding it is sometimes very prominent.
Idle penis-sac (PI. I. fig. 4) is of large size and divi ded into two portions by a constriction. The anterior part is the penis-sac proper, containing the retracted penis and the prostate, neither of which is very large. This part is regularly ovoid and lies in front of and dorsal to the ventral sucker. Joined to this by a narrow neck is a large sac con- taining a long rather narrow vesicula seminalis. This sac is capable of considerable extension and contraction, and in the latter state the vesicula seminalis becomes bent up, as is shown in the figure. There is a short non-prostatic part of the ductus ejaculatorius issuing from the anterior end of the seminal vesicle.
Linton describes a form from Gadiis callarias, which he identifies as Distomum rachion, Cobbold, or a species very near it. His description is short, but the measurements lie notes for the various organs show a remarkable agreement
80
Mr. W. Nicoll on the
■with tliose obtained from my specimens. It deals mainly witli the external appearancc_, and as his figure is poor little exact knowledge of tlie more important internal organs is to be derived from it. The suckers and alimentary canal are distinctly reproduced, as are also the testes. The penis-sac cirrus-pouch occupies its proper position, but the genital a})crture is in the middle line almost directly over the intestinal bifurcation. Two round bodies are figured in front of the testes, but their nature is not noted. From analogy the posterior of the two bodies would represent the ovary, but it is much larger than I am accustomed to see it, and, in fact, is as large as either of the testes. In the same way the anterior body would be the vesicula seminalis, but it is much further behind the ventral sucker than in my specimens. The yolk-glands are not well indicated. A most important feature of difference lies in the arrangement of the spines, which, if Linton’s figure is to be depended on, would distinctly differentiate his specimen. He represents them as scales (from the anterior region), in close array, overlapping but not arranged alternately. On no part have I observed such an arrangement; the spines are certainly scale-like on the neck, but they are well spaced and always alternate with those of the next row. Thus, in the absence of more exact information, it is impossible to determine whether Linton’s one specimen is Lepodora rachiesa, Cobbold, or not, but it is certainly very near it.
Subfamily Eciiinostomin^, Looss.
Genus Stephanochasmus, Looss.
1899. Steplianostomum, Lss. Zool. Jalirh. Syst. xii. p. 576.
1900. Stephanochasmus, Lss. Zool. Anz. xxiii. p. 603.
Stephanochasmus baccatus, sp. n. (PI, II. figs. 5-7.)
Of this species I have been able to obtain only one speci- men. It occurred in the rectum of a halibut [Hippoglossus vulgaris) , and at first sight appeared to correspond so closely with my recollection of Stephanochasmus cesticillus, Molin, that I regarded it as such and placed it aside. A note by Looss * on some examples of this latter form, drawing attention to an error or variation in the number and arrangement of the circumoral spines, induced me to re- examine my specimen. Several features of difference at once presented themselves; moreover, comparison with the
^ Zool. Jaliuh. Sjst. xii. p. 696.
81
Kntozoa of Jirif/sh Marine FlsI/es,
other species of the genus did not admit its inclusion witli any of them. It thus falls to be described as a new species.
The following description as well as the figure are from the preserved specimen, so that the measurements may admit of modification : —
The body is depressed, elongate-ovate, somewhat attenuate in front, rounded behind, with a small but distinct terminal prominence. Length 3’34 mm. ; maximum breadth (at ventral sucker) ’75 ram. Ant-acetabular region (neck) com- prises of length of body. Anteriorly the cuticle is beset with numerous irregularly arranged spines, becoming fewer behind the ventral sucker and absent from the greater part of the post-acetabular region. Closely apposed to the margin of the oral sucker are two rows of large spines. The spines in the first row are shorter than those in the second, the lengths being about ’031 mm. and *037 mm. respectively, but there is some variation. The number and disposition of these spines are characteristic of the species, and serve to distinguish it from other species of the genus. They occur in two regular uninterrupted rows ; there are 28 spines in each row, making a total of 56, and the spines of one row alternate with those of the other. In no other species are the spines so numerous, the nearest approximation being 48, as recorded by Looss in Stephanochasmus caducus, Lss. Steph. pristis, Deslongch., according to Looss, has 36 spines. A point which Looss lays stress on is that in his examples of Steph. cesticillus the second row of spines numbers one less than the first. This is due to the absence of a spine of the second row in the mid- ventral line. No such arrange- ment occurs in Steph. haccatus\ each row is complete, so that there is no gap in the mid-ventral line. In Steph. ces- ticillus, moreover, the spines of the first row are longer than those of the second. Between the two species another feature of difference presents itself in the disposition of the other cuticular spines. In Looss^s figure these do not start immediately behind the cephalic spines, so that a small triangular bare area is left. This does not occur in Steph. baccatus, for irregular scattered spines are seen on the neck immediately behind the cephalic spines.
The suckers are comparatively small and not very mus- cular. The oral sucker is terminal and cup-shaped ; its diameter is ’23 mm., while the aperture is T9 mm. At the lateral margins of the rim, projecting into the aperture, a little nodule is apparent. Whether this is a natural con- dition or the result of preservation 1 am unable to say. The ventral sucker is at a distance of *87 mm. from the anterior
Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. FeZ. xix. 6
82
Mr. W. Nicoll on the
end. Tt is approximafely globular^ and lias a diameter of •J3.S mm. with a eircnlar aperture.
The aliment, ry system is fairly typical. The prepharynx is shorter than in Stej/h. cesticiUus^ being only *17 mm. long. The pharynx is large and almost horseshoe-shaped^ with the convexity directed backwards; it measures *21 x '16 mm. The oesophagus is extremely short. The diverticula extend to the posterior extremity, and are wide and irregularly dilat((l. The bifurcation occurs just a little in front of the ventral sucker.
The testes are situated in the ])osterior third of the body, one behind the other in the middle line. In shape they are ovoid, and have a greatest diameter (longitudinal) of ’38 mm. The ovary lies directly in front, almost median or a little to tlie right, and is less than the testes (*21 mm ). The vitelline glands are lateral, extending from the posterior ei d of ti c body to a short distance behind the ventral sucker ; they consist of small compact follicles.
There are very few ova (17), but they are of large size, measuring '087-*091 mm. x •0ff-'053 mm. The shape is unusual, pointed at one end and truncated at the other The uterus lies entirely between the ovary and the ventral sucker, and is contined laterally by the intestinal diverticula. There is a long club-shaped penis-sac extending some distance behind the ventral sucker, though not so elongated as in bteph. cesticillus. The posterior portion is occupied by a large ovoid vesicula seminalis. There is a considerable pnrs prostatica. The genital aperture is median, directly in front of the ventral sucker.
It is evident that this species difftrs very considerably from already knowm forms. In the first place the body is much less elongated, and the suckers are proportionately further apart and larger. The cephalic spines, besides being more numerous than in any other species, are differently disposed, those in the anterior row^ being shorter than those
Three ova were observed lying within the ventral sucker. This recalls a condition already noted (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) xvii. p. 620) in a parasite inhabiting the cloaca of L(mis argentatus. The suppesition which I then hazarded seems to be strengthened by this case, liulh are forms living in the terminal portion of the gut of their host, and the possibility suggests itself that in both the ova may be retained for some time within the ventral sucker in order to pi event their being excreted in too immature a condition. Many forms having a similar habitat display adaptations in the ova, having apparently the same end in view. The precocious development of eye-spots in several species and the ciliated embryos in Diatomum viviparum, Olsson (from tl e end-gut of rieuronectid fishes), are illustrative cases.
83
Entozoa of British Marine. Fishes.
in tlie postci’ior. In Sleph. minulus, Looss*, they are of equal size in the two rows, hut in the other species the anterior row contains the larger spines. In addition the ova are much larger than those of any other species except Steph. cesiicillus,
Zoo(/onoldes vivlparus, Olsson.
(PI.* 11. fig. 8 ; PI. III. fig. 9.)
Distomum viviparum. Olsson, Lunds Univ. Arsskrift, 1867, iv. no. 8, p. 28, pi. iv. figs. 73-75.
ZoogoTuis viviparus, Looss, Centralbl. Bakt. Iste Abtlieil. xxix. p. 440.
Zoogonoides viviparus, Odlmer, Centralbl. Bakt. Iste Abtlieil. xxxi.
p'. 62, fig. 2.
This species, first discovered by Olsson in Pleuronectes microcephalus and incorrectly described by him, has been fully described by Odlmer. Looss assigned it to the genus Zoogonus, Lss., along with Z. miruSj Lss., but Odhner with reason regarded it as the type of a new genus. Olsson was only able to discover two specimens, occurring, as he believed, in the stomach of the host. Odhner, however, correctly points out that the true habitat of the species is the terminal portion of the intestine. He found it in Pleuronectes flesus, PL limanda, PL platessa, PL microcephalus , Hippoglossoides platessoides, and Callionymus lyra. I have found it here in PL limanda, PL platessa, and Rhombus maximus, and always in the lower reaches of the intestine, particularly the rectum. It always occurs in large numbers, usually accom- panied in Pleuronectes limanda by tiering ophor us furciger, Ol'Son.
Odhner^s description of the species is almost exhaustive. The limits of size which he gives, however, are rather narrow. I have found mature examples as small as *8 mm. and, in Rhombus maidmus, as large as 1*6 mm. ; in Pleuro- nectes limanda they never exceed 1*2 mm. The maximum breadth is •31-*42 mm. The diameter of the oral sucker lies within Odhner’s limits, viz. ‘Id-HG mm. - but the ventral sucker is never twice as large, as Odhner has it, and its aperture is nearly circular, or if elliptical the eccentricity is small. The cuticular spines are very minute, arranged in a regular diamond pattern, and cover the whole body except a small part at the posterior end. The intestinal diverticula do not extend beyond the posterior border of the ventral sucker.
The testes are two ovoid bodies, situated about the level
• Centralbl. fiir Bakter. Iste Abtheil. xxix. p. 604, figs. 5, 5 a.
6*
Si
Mr. W. NIcoll on the
of the ])oslerior border of the ventral sueker and symmetri- eally plaeed, one on citlier side of tins. In the living speei- men it is diffieult to fix the exaet position of the testes and ovary, for they move baekwards and forwards with the move- ments of the animal. Sometimes one testis is a little further forward than the other, and sometimes the ovary is on a level with one or both. In preserved spceimens tlie position is ])retty mueh as shown in the figure (PI. II. fig. 8, T). ^riie ovary is to the rear of the ventral sucker, almost median or somewhat to the right. It is smaller and more globular than the testes. I find the size of the miracidium-containing capsule to be •088-'094 x •0I2-*04I mm., which is larger than Odlmer has it.
Subfam. IIemiurinje (Looss, ex p.), Liilie.
Looss * included in this subfamily the appendieulate Distomes and their congeners. Ltihet, however, saw fit to restrict the name to a certain group of these forms repre- sented by two genera, Hemim'us, Rud. (ex p.), and Lecitho- cladium, n. g. Odhner later J removed Hemiurus crenatus, Rud., from the former genus and made it the type of a distinct genus, Br achy phallus. Of the members of this sub- family we have here to deal with Hemiurus appendiculatus,